Table 2 Brief summary of the advantages...

Table 2

Brief summary of the advantages and disadvantages for introduced MCDM tools

MCDM tools	Advantages	Disadvantages
AHP	Using a hierarchy system to evaluate tangible and intangible factors to achieve a structural solution	Large number of comparisons when the problem is complicated
BWM	High consistency for pairwise comparisons, yet few steps, and judgments	It employs parsimonious AHP, which may cause unknown side effects
VIKOR	Obtaining compromise solution at the beginning of system design	Impropriate preference ranking may occur because of the use of VIKOR’s maximum group utility calculation equation
ANP	The interdependence of alternatives is included by a network structure	The different effects between clusters could be neglected
PROMETHEE	The criteria does not need to be proportionate; easy to apply	Additional tool is needed for weighing the criteria preference
TOPSIS	Simple process based on logic of human choice study	The relevant importance of solution distance is not considered

MCDM tools	Advantages	Disadvantages
AHP	Using a hierarchy system to evaluate tangible and intangible factors to achieve a structural solution	Large number of comparisons when the problem is complicated
BWM	High consistency for pairwise comparisons, yet few steps, and judgments	It employs parsimonious AHP, which may cause unknown side effects
VIKOR	Obtaining compromise solution at the beginning of system design	Impropriate preference ranking may occur because of the use of VIKOR’s maximum group utility calculation equation
ANP	The interdependence of alternatives is included by a network structure	The different effects between clusters could be neglected
PROMETHEE	The criteria does not need to be proportionate; easy to apply	Additional tool is needed for weighing the criteria preference
TOPSIS	Simple process based on logic of human choice study	The relevant importance of solution distance is not considered

Sources: Al-Harbi (2001), Emovon and Oghenenyerovwho (2020); Moslem et al. (2020), Opricovic and Tzeng (2004); Velasquez and Hester (2013), Jahan et al. (2011); Huang et al. (2009), Opricovic and Tzeng (2007); Shih et al. (2007)

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