Table A2.

Reliability and convergent validity of reflective constructs

High level constructLow level constructInitial, final no. of scale itemsItem codeLoadingCronbach’s alphaComposite ReliabilityAVE
Firm adoptionFirm level Adoption of MoMo innovations5,5NAFormative
Personal factorsPerceived ease of use4,3PEOU20.6510.6110.7890.556
 PEOU30.754   
  PEOU40.822   
Perceived usefulness4,3PU20.7900.6210.7990.572
 PU30.828   
  PU40.638   
Perceived indispensability4,4PI10.7400.7380.8350.561
 PI20.659   
  PI30.836   
  PI40.750   
Perceived social influences3,3PSI10.6240.6930.8140.597
 PSI20.851   
 PSI30.823   
Trial feedback4,3TF20.8170.6630.8080.586
  TF30.799   
  TF40.673   
Employee self interest/self enhancement motives4,4ESIEM10.6700.7400.8360.562
 ESIEM20.752   
 ESIEM30.808   
 ESIEM40.761   
Firm internal factorsTechnological readiness4,4TR10.6930.7270.8260.544
 TR20.814   
  TR30.775   
  TR40.658   
Managerial Innovativeness4,3MI10.7700.6190.7800.544
 MI20.647   
  MI40.787   
Organizational Readiness4,3OR20.7820.6650.8110.589
 OR30.823   
  OR40.692   
Strategic fit with operations4,4SFO10.7250.7380.8350.558
 SFO20.774   
 SFO30.758   
  SFO40.731   
Ease of support4,4EOS10.7860.7980.8670.622
  EOS20.850   
  EOS30.849   
  EOS40.653   
Organizational culture (firm propensity to take risk)4,4OC10.6350.7110.8100.520
 OC20.784   
 OC30.817   
 OC40.629   
Firm external factorsOrganizational partner requirement5,3OPR20.8830.6660.8090.591
 OPR40.786   
 OPR50.613   
Competitive pressure4,3CP20.7880.6490.8070.583
 CP30.689   
 CP40.809   
Needs of customers5,3NOC10.6850.6150.7960.566
 NOC20.817   
 NOC30.749   
Societal factorsGovernment championship7,4GC20.7860.7720.8340.562
 GC30.887   
 GC40.640   
  GC50.658   
Government policy4,3GP10.8160.6310.7960.568
 GP20.639   
 GP30.793   
Government regulation/laws4,3GRL10.7410.6100.7880.554
 GRL20.714   
 GRL30.777   
Innovation infrastructure4,3II10.7320.6830.8250.612
 II20.836   
  II30.775   
Opinion leadership4,4OL10.6970.6870.8030.506
 OL20.730   
  OL30.777   
  OL40.633   
Successive government commitment4,3SGC20.7910.7550.8550.663
 SGC30.868   
  SGC40.781   
Technology CharacteristicsFlexibility4,3F10.7240.6490.8080.585
  F20.751   
  F30.815   
Observability4,3OB20.8280.7160.8330.627
  OB30.849   
  OB40.689   
Complexity4,3CO20.7010.7010.8280.619
  CO30.730   
  CO40.912   
Relative advantage4,3RA10.7730.6700.8170.598
 RA20.735   
 RA30.810   

Note: All item loadings are significant at 0.01 level of significance

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