Reliability and convergent validity of reflective constructs
| High level construct | Low level construct | Initial, final no. of scale items | Item code | Loading | Cronbach’s alpha | Composite Reliability | AVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firm adoption | Firm level Adoption of MoMo innovations | 5,5 | NA | Formative | |||
| Personal factors | Perceived ease of use | 4,3 | PEOU2 | 0.651 | 0.611 | 0.789 | 0.556 |
| PEOU3 | 0.754 | ||||||
| PEOU4 | 0.822 | ||||||
| Perceived usefulness | 4,3 | PU2 | 0.790 | 0.621 | 0.799 | 0.572 | |
| PU3 | 0.828 | ||||||
| PU4 | 0.638 | ||||||
| Perceived indispensability | 4,4 | PI1 | 0.740 | 0.738 | 0.835 | 0.561 | |
| PI2 | 0.659 | ||||||
| PI3 | 0.836 | ||||||
| PI4 | 0.750 | ||||||
| Perceived social influences | 3,3 | PSI1 | 0.624 | 0.693 | 0.814 | 0.597 | |
| PSI2 | 0.851 | ||||||
| PSI3 | 0.823 | ||||||
| Trial feedback | 4,3 | TF2 | 0.817 | 0.663 | 0.808 | 0.586 | |
| TF3 | 0.799 | ||||||
| TF4 | 0.673 | ||||||
| Employee self interest/self enhancement motives | 4,4 | ESIEM1 | 0.670 | 0.740 | 0.836 | 0.562 | |
| ESIEM2 | 0.752 | ||||||
| ESIEM3 | 0.808 | ||||||
| ESIEM4 | 0.761 | ||||||
| Firm internal factors | Technological readiness | 4,4 | TR1 | 0.693 | 0.727 | 0.826 | 0.544 |
| TR2 | 0.814 | ||||||
| TR3 | 0.775 | ||||||
| TR4 | 0.658 | ||||||
| Managerial Innovativeness | 4,3 | MI1 | 0.770 | 0.619 | 0.780 | 0.544 | |
| MI2 | 0.647 | ||||||
| MI4 | 0.787 | ||||||
| Organizational Readiness | 4,3 | OR2 | 0.782 | 0.665 | 0.811 | 0.589 | |
| OR3 | 0.823 | ||||||
| OR4 | 0.692 | ||||||
| Strategic fit with operations | 4,4 | SFO1 | 0.725 | 0.738 | 0.835 | 0.558 | |
| SFO2 | 0.774 | ||||||
| SFO3 | 0.758 | ||||||
| SFO4 | 0.731 | ||||||
| Ease of support | 4,4 | EOS1 | 0.786 | 0.798 | 0.867 | 0.622 | |
| EOS2 | 0.850 | ||||||
| EOS3 | 0.849 | ||||||
| EOS4 | 0.653 | ||||||
| Organizational culture (firm propensity to take risk) | 4,4 | OC1 | 0.635 | 0.711 | 0.810 | 0.520 | |
| OC2 | 0.784 | ||||||
| OC3 | 0.817 | ||||||
| OC4 | 0.629 | ||||||
| Firm external factors | Organizational partner requirement | 5,3 | OPR2 | 0.883 | 0.666 | 0.809 | 0.591 |
| OPR4 | 0.786 | ||||||
| OPR5 | 0.613 | ||||||
| Competitive pressure | 4,3 | CP2 | 0.788 | 0.649 | 0.807 | 0.583 | |
| CP3 | 0.689 | ||||||
| CP4 | 0.809 | ||||||
| Needs of customers | 5,3 | NOC1 | 0.685 | 0.615 | 0.796 | 0.566 | |
| NOC2 | 0.817 | ||||||
| NOC3 | 0.749 | ||||||
| Societal factors | Government championship | 7,4 | GC2 | 0.786 | 0.772 | 0.834 | 0.562 |
| GC3 | 0.887 | ||||||
| GC4 | 0.640 | ||||||
| GC5 | 0.658 | ||||||
| Government policy | 4,3 | GP1 | 0.816 | 0.631 | 0.796 | 0.568 | |
| GP2 | 0.639 | ||||||
| GP3 | 0.793 | ||||||
| Government regulation/laws | 4,3 | GRL1 | 0.741 | 0.610 | 0.788 | 0.554 | |
| GRL2 | 0.714 | ||||||
| GRL3 | 0.777 | ||||||
| Innovation infrastructure | 4,3 | II1 | 0.732 | 0.683 | 0.825 | 0.612 | |
| II2 | 0.836 | ||||||
| II3 | 0.775 | ||||||
| Opinion leadership | 4,4 | OL1 | 0.697 | 0.687 | 0.803 | 0.506 | |
| OL2 | 0.730 | ||||||
| OL3 | 0.777 | ||||||
| OL4 | 0.633 | ||||||
| Successive government commitment | 4,3 | SGC2 | 0.791 | 0.755 | 0.855 | 0.663 | |
| SGC3 | 0.868 | ||||||
| SGC4 | 0.781 | ||||||
| Technology Characteristics | Flexibility | 4,3 | F1 | 0.724 | 0.649 | 0.808 | 0.585 |
| F2 | 0.751 | ||||||
| F3 | 0.815 | ||||||
| Observability | 4,3 | OB2 | 0.828 | 0.716 | 0.833 | 0.627 | |
| OB3 | 0.849 | ||||||
| OB4 | 0.689 | ||||||
| Complexity | 4,3 | CO2 | 0.701 | 0.701 | 0.828 | 0.619 | |
| CO3 | 0.730 | ||||||
| CO4 | 0.912 | ||||||
| Relative advantage | 4,3 | RA1 | 0.773 | 0.670 | 0.817 | 0.598 | |
| RA2 | 0.735 | ||||||
| RA3 | 0.810 | ||||||
| High level construct | Low level construct | Initial, final no. of scale items | Item code | Loading | Cronbach’s alpha | Composite Reliability | AVE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firm adoption | Firm level Adoption of MoMo innovations | 5,5 | NA | Formative | |||
| Personal factors | Perceived ease of use | 4,3 | PEOU2 | 0.651 | 0.611 | 0.789 | 0.556 |
| PEOU3 | 0.754 | ||||||
| PEOU4 | 0.822 | ||||||
| Perceived usefulness | 4,3 | PU2 | 0.790 | 0.621 | 0.799 | 0.572 | |
| PU3 | 0.828 | ||||||
| PU4 | 0.638 | ||||||
| Perceived indispensability | 4,4 | PI1 | 0.740 | 0.738 | 0.835 | 0.561 | |
| PI2 | 0.659 | ||||||
| PI3 | 0.836 | ||||||
| PI4 | 0.750 | ||||||
| Perceived social influences | 3,3 | PSI1 | 0.624 | 0.693 | 0.814 | 0.597 | |
| PSI2 | 0.851 | ||||||
| PSI3 | 0.823 | ||||||
| Trial feedback | 4,3 | TF2 | 0.817 | 0.663 | 0.808 | 0.586 | |
| TF3 | 0.799 | ||||||
| TF4 | 0.673 | ||||||
| Employee self interest/self enhancement motives | 4,4 | ESIEM1 | 0.670 | 0.740 | 0.836 | 0.562 | |
| ESIEM2 | 0.752 | ||||||
| ESIEM3 | 0.808 | ||||||
| ESIEM4 | 0.761 | ||||||
| Firm internal factors | Technological readiness | 4,4 | TR1 | 0.693 | 0.727 | 0.826 | 0.544 |
| TR2 | 0.814 | ||||||
| TR3 | 0.775 | ||||||
| TR4 | 0.658 | ||||||
| Managerial Innovativeness | 4,3 | MI1 | 0.770 | 0.619 | 0.780 | 0.544 | |
| MI2 | 0.647 | ||||||
| MI4 | 0.787 | ||||||
| Organizational Readiness | 4,3 | OR2 | 0.782 | 0.665 | 0.811 | 0.589 | |
| OR3 | 0.823 | ||||||
| OR4 | 0.692 | ||||||
| Strategic fit with operations | 4,4 | SFO1 | 0.725 | 0.738 | 0.835 | 0.558 | |
| SFO2 | 0.774 | ||||||
| SFO3 | 0.758 | ||||||
| SFO4 | 0.731 | ||||||
| Ease of support | 4,4 | EOS1 | 0.786 | 0.798 | 0.867 | 0.622 | |
| EOS2 | 0.850 | ||||||
| EOS3 | 0.849 | ||||||
| EOS4 | 0.653 | ||||||
| Organizational culture (firm propensity to take risk) | 4,4 | OC1 | 0.635 | 0.711 | 0.810 | 0.520 | |
| OC2 | 0.784 | ||||||
| OC3 | 0.817 | ||||||
| OC4 | 0.629 | ||||||
| Firm external factors | Organizational partner requirement | 5,3 | OPR2 | 0.883 | 0.666 | 0.809 | 0.591 |
| OPR4 | 0.786 | ||||||
| OPR5 | 0.613 | ||||||
| Competitive pressure | 4,3 | CP2 | 0.788 | 0.649 | 0.807 | 0.583 | |
| CP3 | 0.689 | ||||||
| CP4 | 0.809 | ||||||
| Needs of customers | 5,3 | NOC1 | 0.685 | 0.615 | 0.796 | 0.566 | |
| NOC2 | 0.817 | ||||||
| NOC3 | 0.749 | ||||||
| Societal factors | Government championship | 7,4 | GC2 | 0.786 | 0.772 | 0.834 | 0.562 |
| GC3 | 0.887 | ||||||
| GC4 | 0.640 | ||||||
| GC5 | 0.658 | ||||||
| Government policy | 4,3 | GP1 | 0.816 | 0.631 | 0.796 | 0.568 | |
| GP2 | 0.639 | ||||||
| GP3 | 0.793 | ||||||
| Government regulation/laws | 4,3 | GRL1 | 0.741 | 0.610 | 0.788 | 0.554 | |
| GRL2 | 0.714 | ||||||
| GRL3 | 0.777 | ||||||
| Innovation infrastructure | 4,3 | II1 | 0.732 | 0.683 | 0.825 | 0.612 | |
| II2 | 0.836 | ||||||
| II3 | 0.775 | ||||||
| Opinion leadership | 4,4 | OL1 | 0.697 | 0.687 | 0.803 | 0.506 | |
| OL2 | 0.730 | ||||||
| OL3 | 0.777 | ||||||
| OL4 | 0.633 | ||||||
| Successive government commitment | 4,3 | SGC2 | 0.791 | 0.755 | 0.855 | 0.663 | |
| SGC3 | 0.868 | ||||||
| SGC4 | 0.781 | ||||||
| Technology Characteristics | Flexibility | 4,3 | F1 | 0.724 | 0.649 | 0.808 | 0.585 |
| F2 | 0.751 | ||||||
| F3 | 0.815 | ||||||
| Observability | 4,3 | OB2 | 0.828 | 0.716 | 0.833 | 0.627 | |
| OB3 | 0.849 | ||||||
| OB4 | 0.689 | ||||||
| Complexity | 4,3 | CO2 | 0.701 | 0.701 | 0.828 | 0.619 | |
| CO3 | 0.730 | ||||||
| CO4 | 0.912 | ||||||
| Relative advantage | 4,3 | RA1 | 0.773 | 0.670 | 0.817 | 0.598 | |
| RA2 | 0.735 | ||||||
| RA3 | 0.810 | ||||||
Note: All item loadings are significant at 0.01 level of significance