Table IV. Direct, indirect and total...

Table IV.

Direct, indirect and total effects on learning performance

Construct	Direct effects	Indirect effects	Total effects	t-Statistic (total effects)
Enjoyment	–	0.24	0.24	8.13***
Curiosity	–	0.22	0.22	7.06***
Control	–	0.12	0.12	4.27***
Temporal dissociation	–	0.18	0.18	7.31***
Focused immersion	–	0.06	0.06	1.74*
Cognitive absorption	0.43	0.24	0.67	8.04***
Collaborative learning	0.33	–	0.33	1.99^**

Construct	Direct effects	Indirect effects	Total effects	t-Statistic (total effects)
Enjoyment	–	0.24	0.24	8.13***
Curiosity	–	0.22	0.22	7.06***
Control	–	0.12	0.12	4.27***
Temporal dissociation	–	0.18	0.18	7.31***
Focused immersion	–	0.06	0.06	1.74*
Cognitive absorption	0.43	0.24	0.67	8.04***
Collaborative learning	0.33	–	0.33	1.99^**

Notes:

Learning performance: R² = 0.41; Q² = 0.33; Collaborative Learning: R² = 0.51; Q² = 0.44;

***Significant at 0.01 level based on 5,000 bootstraps;

**significant at 0.05 level based on 5,000 bootstraps;

*significant at 0.1 level based on 5,000 bootstraps

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