Table II.

A numerical summary of bow-tie model elements

MeasurementExpertsStudents
Number of participants3∼30
Number of models313
Total number of threats1849
Number of distinct threats1214
Average number of threats per model63.8
Total number of consequences1027
Number of distinct consequences89
Average number of consequences per model3.32.1
Total number of preventive barriers1641
Number of distinct preventive barriers109
Average number of preventive barriers per model5.33.2
Total number of reactive barriers66
Number of distinct reactive barriers43
Average number of reactive barriers per model20.5
Common (threats/consequences)/(preventive/reactive) barriers7/5/3/0

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