Table 2

Standardized loadings

ItemStandardized loadingsT-stats
Vendor Managed Inventory (CA = 0.724; CR = 0.851; AVE = 0.538)
To establish distribution centres0.728Fixed
To formulate and implement procedures for efficient product (service handling)0.7327.59
To minimize total distribution cost0.5517.52
Use advanced logistics technology to update inventory0.6247.08
Leadership (CA = 0.799; CR = 0.902; AVE = 0.710)
Creates and communicates vision towards change in the chain0.834Fixed
Collaboration between all other actors of the chain0.93010.20
Experience and in-depth understanding of the organization's supply chain0.8039.38
Effective human resource skills0.7584.87
Adopts a scientific approach towards problem solving0.737 
Digitization (CA = 0.731; CR = 0.812; AVE = 0.523)
Modules best practices0.734Fixed
Knowledge of supply chain and automation0.7506.31
VMI is fully delivered with the support of technology0.7726.54
It is very difficult to forecast where the technology in our industry will be in the next two or three years0.6485.45
Performance (CA = 0.781; CR = 0.910; AVE = 0.631)
The time it takes to restock0.709Fixed
The ability to handle different requests0.504.30
Sales volume0.6846.34
Return on equity0.7444.13

Note(s): VMI, vendor managed inventory; CA, Cronbach alpha; CR, composite reliability; AVE, average variance extracted

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