Indirect effect of leadership and digitization
| Model | B | Std. error | t | Sig | VIF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | (Constant) | 1.209 | 0.393 | 3.077 | 0.003 | |
| Experience | −0.022 | 0.041 | −0.546 | 0.586 | 1.152 | |
| Size of firm | 0.087 | 0.075 | 1.162 | 0.248 | 1.058 | |
| Unit size | −0.080 | 0.034 | −2.332 | 0.022 | 1.078 | |
| VMI | 0.217 | 0.093 | 2.332 | 0.022 | 1.494 | |
| Digitization | 0.454 | 0.095 | 4.765 | 0.000 | 1.442 | |
| 4 | (Constant) | 1.367 | 0.418 | 3.268 | 0.002 | |
| Experience | −0.006 | 0.043 | −0.130 | 0.896 | 1.313 | |
| Size of firm | 0.068 | 0.077 | 0.880 | 0.381 | 1.118 | |
| Unit size | −0.076 | 0.035 | −2.202 | 0.030 | 1.091 | |
| VMI | 0.197 | 0.095 | 2.079 | 0.040 | 1.552 | |
| Digitization | 0.441 | 0.096 | 4.600 | 0.000 | 1.464 | |
| Interaction | −0.057 | 0.052 | −1.092 | 0.278 | 1.241 | |
| 5 | (Constant) | 1.626 | 0.452 | 3.600 | 0.001 | |
| Experience | −0.010 | 0.045 | −0.234 | 0.816 | 1.157 | |
| Size of firm | 0.130 | 0.082 | 1.587 | 0.116 | 1.045 | |
| Unit size | −0.086 | 0.038 | −2.256 | 0.026 | 1.078 | |
| VMI | 0.372 | 0.096 | 3.880 | 0.000 | 1.307 | |
| Leadership | 0.178 | 0.099 | 1.792 | 0.077 | 1.250 | |
| 6 | (Constant) | 1.336 | 0.505 | 2.644 | 0.010 | |
| Experience | −0.022 | 0.045 | −0.485 | 0.629 | 1.207 | |
| Size of firm | 0.149 | 0.083 | 1.789 | 0.077 | 1.079 | |
| Unit size | −0.088 | 0.038 | −2.322 | 0.022 | 1.081 | |
| VMI | 0.365 | 0.096 | 3.817 | 0.000 | 1.311 | |
| Leadership | 0.242 | 0.111 | 2.175 | 0.032 | 1.585 | |
| Interaction | 0.094 | 0.075 | 1.259 | 0.211 | 1.352 | |
| Model | Std. error | Sig | VIF | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | (Constant) | 1.209 | 0.393 | 3.077 | 0.003 | |
| Experience | −0.022 | 0.041 | −0.546 | 0.586 | 1.152 | |
| Size of firm | 0.087 | 0.075 | 1.162 | 0.248 | 1.058 | |
| Unit size | −0.080 | 0.034 | −2.332 | 0.022 | 1.078 | |
| VMI | 0.217 | 0.093 | 2.332 | 0.022 | 1.494 | |
| Digitization | 0.454 | 0.095 | 4.765 | 0.000 | 1.442 | |
| 4 | (Constant) | 1.367 | 0.418 | 3.268 | 0.002 | |
| Experience | −0.006 | 0.043 | −0.130 | 0.896 | 1.313 | |
| Size of firm | 0.068 | 0.077 | 0.880 | 0.381 | 1.118 | |
| Unit size | −0.076 | 0.035 | −2.202 | 0.030 | 1.091 | |
| VMI | 0.197 | 0.095 | 2.079 | 0.040 | 1.552 | |
| Digitization | 0.441 | 0.096 | 4.600 | 0.000 | 1.464 | |
| Interaction | −0.057 | 0.052 | −1.092 | 0.278 | 1.241 | |
| 5 | (Constant) | 1.626 | 0.452 | 3.600 | 0.001 | |
| Experience | −0.010 | 0.045 | −0.234 | 0.816 | 1.157 | |
| Size of firm | 0.130 | 0.082 | 1.587 | 0.116 | 1.045 | |
| Unit size | −0.086 | 0.038 | −2.256 | 0.026 | 1.078 | |
| VMI | 0.372 | 0.096 | 3.880 | 0.000 | 1.307 | |
| Leadership | 0.178 | 0.099 | 1.792 | 0.077 | 1.250 | |
| 6 | (Constant) | 1.336 | 0.505 | 2.644 | 0.010 | |
| Experience | −0.022 | 0.045 | −0.485 | 0.629 | 1.207 | |
| Size of firm | 0.149 | 0.083 | 1.789 | 0.077 | 1.079 | |
| Unit size | −0.088 | 0.038 | −2.322 | 0.022 | 1.081 | |
| VMI | 0.365 | 0.096 | 3.817 | 0.000 | 1.311 | |
| Leadership | 0.242 | 0.111 | 2.175 | 0.032 | 1.585 | |
| Interaction | 0.094 | 0.075 | 1.259 | 0.211 | 1.352 | |
Note(s): VMI, vendor managed inventory