Table 2 Being (individual-level factors)...

Table 2

Being (individual-level factors) affecting the international transfer of individual CC

		Factors affecting the international transfer of
		Individual CC on the individual level across different organizations in different countries as the direct use and applicability of the CC	Individual knowing-how to other individuals within the new organization in the new country
From home country organization to host country organization	ASSIGNED EXPATRIATES	+−Specificity of knowing-how that is being transferred 12 +−Type of expertise and/or organizational position (indirect effect) 12	−Tacit nature of knowledge/low codifiability of knowledge 16 −High levels of knowledge complexity/low levels of knowledge teachability 17 20 +Newly developed knowing-whom 19 +Boundary spanning 15 +Relationship development capability 7 +Nurturing feedback loops 6 +−Dependence and identification with the organization 16 20 +−Ability, motivation and opportunity seeking for knowledge transfer 5 +Cultural Intelligence 21 +Previous expatriation experience 7 +Psychological capital 19
	SELF-INITIATED EXPATRIATES	–	–
	Other highly skilled working migrants PLUS short-term assignees, international commuters, frequent flyers, and mission workers	+Accumulation of the career capital in the host country (indirect effect) 23	+Ability to transfer knowledge 10 14 +Bilingual and bicultural competencies 13 −Limited host country language proficiency 11
From host country organization to home country organization	ASSIGNED REPATRIATES	-	+-Ability, motivation and opportunity for communicating the knowledge 1 +Interaction between the ability and motivation to transfer the knowledge 3 +Disseminative capacity 4 18 +Cultural Intelligence 21 +Global management competency learning during the international assignment 8 +Amount and depth of knowing-how and knowing-whom acquired abroad (indirect effect) 18 +Positive repatriate adjustment 8
	SELF-INITIATED REPATRIATES	+-Expatriation type (indirect effect) 2 −Mobility during an early career stage (indirect effect) 2 −Long-term expatriation (indirect effect) 2 −Expatriation to less developed countries (indirect effect) 1 +Knowing-whom (indirect effect) 2 9	–
	Other highly skilled working return migrants	–	+Host country embeddedness (indirect effect) 22 +Home country embeddedness (indirect effect) 22

		Factors affecting the international transfer of
		Individual CC on the individual level across different organizations in different countries as the direct use and applicability of the CC	Individual knowing-how to other individuals within the new organization in the new country
From home country organization to host country organization	ASSIGNED EXPATRIATES	+−Specificity of knowing-how that is being transferred 12+−Type of expertise and/or organizational position (indirect effect) 12	−Tacit nature of knowledge/low codifiability of knowledge 16−High levels of knowledge complexity/low levels of knowledge teachability 17 20+Newly developed knowing-whom 19+Boundary spanning 15+Relationship development capability 7+Nurturing feedback loops 6+−Dependence and identification with the organization 16 20+−Ability, motivation and opportunity seeking for knowledge transfer 5+Cultural Intelligence 21+Previous expatriation experience 7+Psychological capital 19
	SELF-INITIATED EXPATRIATES	–	–
	Other highly skilled working migrants PLUS short-term assignees, international commuters, frequent flyers, and mission workers	+Accumulation of the career capital in the host country (indirect effect) 23	+Ability to transfer knowledge 10 14+Bilingual and bicultural competencies 13−Limited host country language proficiency 11
From host country organization to home country organization	ASSIGNED REPATRIATES	-	+-Ability, motivation and opportunity for communicating the knowledge 1+Interaction between the ability and motivation to transfer the knowledge 3+Disseminative capacity 4 18+Cultural Intelligence 21+Global management competency learning during the international assignment 8+Amount and depth of knowing-how and knowing-whom acquired abroad (indirect effect) 18+Positive repatriate adjustment 8
	SELF-INITIATED REPATRIATES	+-Expatriation type (indirect effect) 2−Mobility during an early career stage (indirect effect) 2−Long-term expatriation (indirect effect) 2−Expatriation to less developed countries (indirect effect) 1+Knowing-whom (indirect effect) 2 9	–
	Other highly skilled working return migrants	–	+Host country embeddedness (indirect effect) 22+Home country embeddedness (indirect effect) 22

Note(s):+ factors positively affecting international transfer of CC. − factors negatively affecting international transfer of CC

1 - Amir et al. (2020). 2 - Andresen (2021). 3 - Burmeister et al. (2015). 4 - Burmeister et al. (2018). 5 - Chang et al. (2012). 6 - Chen et al. (2012). 7 - Choi and Johanson (2012). 8 - Furuya et al. (2009). 9 – Guo et al. (2013). 10 - Hussein (2014). 11 - Imai et al. (2019). 12 - Jokinen (2010). 13 - Liu et al. (2015). 14 - Minbaeva and Michailova (2004). 15 - Reiche (2011). 16 - Riusala and Suutari (2004). 17 - Riusala and Smale (2007). 18 - Sanchez-Vidal et al. (2018). 19 - Sitar and Mihelič (2018). 20 - Smale and Suutari (2011). 21 - Vlajčić et al. (2019). 22 - Wang (2015). 23 - Winterheller and Hirt (2017)

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