Subject pronouns are not covered in this paper. It is worth noting, however, that two subject pronouns can also be conjoined in (1):
| taḥadaƟa | wa | ҁiyyaa-ha | maҁa al-mudiir-u |
| spoke.3sgmas | and | EXPL-her | with the-principal |
| “He and she talked to the principal.” | |||
| “They talked to the principal.” | |||
| taḥadaƟa | wa | ҁiyyaa-ha | maҁa al-mudiir-u |
| spoke.3sgmas | and | EXPL-her | with the-principal |
| “He and she talked to the principal.” | |||
| “They talked to the principal.” | |||
In the example above, there are two conjoined subjects, the implicit pronoun of taḥadaƟa (the masculine third person singular subject pronoun is not overt in SA) and ҁiyyaa-ha with the sense that they both talked to the principal at the same time. Compare the minimal pair in (2):
| taḥadaƟa | maҁa-ha | maҁa | al-mudiir-u |
| spoke.3sgmas | with-her | with | the-principal-NOM |
| “He talked to the principal in her presence.” | |||
| taḥadaƟa | maҁa-ha | maҁa | al-mudiir-u |
| spoke.3sgmas | with-her | with | the-principal-NOM |
| “He talked to the principal in her presence.” | |||
This sentence is structurally different and expresses a different meaning. In this case only one (him) is the actor, the one who did the talking to the principal and she happened to be there. Facts of conjunction suggest that the zero affix is not only a subject marker but also a pronoun functioning as an argument much like object pronouns.
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