Table 4 Factors related to children’s... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Factors related to children’s development growth and illness

Parameters			Relationship of the primary caregiver to children, n (%)			Primary caregiver’s level of education, n (%)			Household type^, n (%)			Age of primary caregiver³
Parameters			Mother	Grandparent, n(%)	OR (95%CI)	Lower than graduation from high school n (%)	Graduated high school and upper n (%)	OR (95%CI)	Two parents n (%)	Single parent n (%)	OR (95%CI)	Mean + SD	p
Development	Personal–social	Normal	87 (86.1)	32 (84.2)	1.17^a (0.41, 3.29)	66 (80.5)	76 (87.4)	0.56^a (0.26, 1.38)	127 (83.6)	20 (90.0)	0.51^b (0.11, 2.31)	38.1 + 10.3	0.56
	Personal–social	Caution	14 (13.9)	6 (15.8)	1.17^a (0.41, 3.29)	16 (19.5)	11 (12.6)	0.56^a (0.26, 1.38)	25 (16.4)	2 (9.1)	0.51^b (0.11, 2.31)	39.9 + 14.2	0.56
	Fine-motor-adaptive	Normal	67 (85.9)	34 (97.1)	0.18^b (0.02, 1.45)	63 (88.7)	64 (91.4)	0.74^a (0.24, 2.25)	111 (89.5)	20 (95.2)	0.43^b (0.05, 3.45)	38.9 + 12.1	0.046*
	Fine-motor-adaptive	Caution	11 (14.1)	1 (2.9)	0.18^b (0.02, 1.45)	8 (11.3)	6 (8.6)	0.74^a (0.24, 2.25)	13 (10.5)	1 (4.8)	0.43^b (0.05, 3.45)	32.6 + 11.3	0.046*
	Language	Normal	53 (74.6)	23 (71.9)	1.15^a (1.45, 2.94)	49 (70.7)	45 (77.6)	0.67^a (0.30, 1.50)	88 (75.2)	9 (56.3)	2.36^a (0.81, 6.90)	37.5 + 12.6	0.19
	Language	Caution	18 (25.4)	9 (28.1)	1.15^a (1.45, 2.94)	21 (30.0)	13 (22.4)	0.67^a (0.30, 1.50)	29 (24.8)	7 (43.7)	2.36^a (0.81, 6.90)	39.9 + 12.2	0.19
	Gross motor	Normal	85 (94.4)	31 (91.2)	1.65^b (0.37, 7.29)	71 (93.4)	69 (90.8)	1.44^a (0.44, 4.56)	125 (91.2)	18 (94.7)	0.58^b (0.07, 4.72)	37.9 + 12.0	0.64
	Gross motor	Caution	5 (5.6)	3 (8.8)	1.65^b (0.37, 7.29)	5 (6.6)	7 (9.2)	1.44^a (0.44, 4.56)	12 (8.8)	1 (5.3)	0.58^b (0.07, 4.72)	36.2 + 12.7	0.64
Illness	Serious illness	Yes	9 (8.8)	10 (26.5)	0.281^a (0.14, 0.76)**	9 (10.8)	13 (14.6)^a	0.71 (0.29, 1.76)	20 (13.0)	3 (13.0)	0.99^b (0.27, 3.66)	43.7 + 13.3	0.026*
	Serious illness	No	93 (91.2)	29 (74.4)	0.281^a (0.14, 0.76)**	74 (82.9)	76 (85.4)	0.71 (0.29, 1.76)	134 (87.0)	20 (87.0)	0.99^b (0.27, 3.66)	37.4 + 12.1	0.026*
	Minor illness	Yes	82 (80.4)	34 (87.2)	0.60^a (0.21, 1.74)	70 (84.3)	70 (78.7)^a	1.46 (0.67, 3.19)	127 (82.5)	18 (73.8)	1.31^a (0.45, 3.83)	38.1 + 12.7	0.57
	Minor illness	No	20 (19.6)	5 (12.8)	0.60^a (0.21, 1.74)	13 (15.7)	19 (21.3)	1.46 (0.67, 3.19)	27 (17.5)	5 (21.7)	1.31^a (0.45, 3.83)	38.6 + 11.3	0.57

Parameters			Relationship of the primary caregiver to children, n (%)			Primary caregiver’s level of education, n (%)			Household type^, n (%)			Age of primary caregiver³
Parameters			Mother	Grandparent, n(%)	OR (95%CI)	Lower than graduation from high school n (%)	Graduated high school and upper n (%)	OR (95%CI)	Two parents n (%)	Single parent n (%)	OR (95%CI)	Mean + SD	p
Development	Personal–social	Normal	87 (86.1)	32 (84.2)	1.17^a (0.41, 3.29)	66 (80.5)	76 (87.4)	0.56^a (0.26, 1.38)	127 (83.6)	20 (90.0)	0.51^b (0.11, 2.31)	38.1 + 10.3	0.56
	Personal–social	Caution	14 (13.9)	6 (15.8)	1.17^a (0.41, 3.29)	16 (19.5)	11 (12.6)	0.56^a (0.26, 1.38)	25 (16.4)	2 (9.1)	0.51^b (0.11, 2.31)	39.9 + 14.2	0.56
	Fine-motor-adaptive	Normal	67 (85.9)	34 (97.1)	0.18^b (0.02, 1.45)	63 (88.7)	64 (91.4)	0.74^a (0.24, 2.25)	111 (89.5)	20 (95.2)	0.43^b (0.05, 3.45)	38.9 + 12.1	0.046*
	Fine-motor-adaptive	Caution	11 (14.1)	1 (2.9)	0.18^b (0.02, 1.45)	8 (11.3)	6 (8.6)	0.74^a (0.24, 2.25)	13 (10.5)	1 (4.8)	0.43^b (0.05, 3.45)	32.6 + 11.3	0.046*
	Language	Normal	53 (74.6)	23 (71.9)	1.15^a (1.45, 2.94)	49 (70.7)	45 (77.6)	0.67^a (0.30, 1.50)	88 (75.2)	9 (56.3)	2.36^a (0.81, 6.90)	37.5 + 12.6	0.19
	Language	Caution	18 (25.4)	9 (28.1)	1.15^a (1.45, 2.94)	21 (30.0)	13 (22.4)	0.67^a (0.30, 1.50)	29 (24.8)	7 (43.7)	2.36^a (0.81, 6.90)	39.9 + 12.2	0.19
	Gross motor	Normal	85 (94.4)	31 (91.2)	1.65^b (0.37, 7.29)	71 (93.4)	69 (90.8)	1.44^a (0.44, 4.56)	125 (91.2)	18 (94.7)	0.58^b (0.07, 4.72)	37.9 + 12.0	0.64
	Gross motor	Caution	5 (5.6)	3 (8.8)	1.65^b (0.37, 7.29)	5 (6.6)	7 (9.2)	1.44^a (0.44, 4.56)	12 (8.8)	1 (5.3)	0.58^b (0.07, 4.72)	36.2 + 12.7	0.64
Illness	Serious illness	Yes	9 (8.8)	10 (26.5)	0.281^a (0.14, 0.76)**	9 (10.8)	13 (14.6)^a	0.71 (0.29, 1.76)	20 (13.0)	3 (13.0)	0.99^b (0.27, 3.66)	43.7 + 13.3	0.026*
	Serious illness	No	93 (91.2)	29 (74.4)	0.281^a (0.14, 0.76)**	74 (82.9)	76 (85.4)	0.71 (0.29, 1.76)	134 (87.0)	20 (87.0)	0.99^b (0.27, 3.66)	37.4 + 12.1	0.026*
	Minor illness	Yes	82 (80.4)	34 (87.2)	0.60^a (0.21, 1.74)	70 (84.3)	70 (78.7)^a	1.46 (0.67, 3.19)	127 (82.5)	18 (73.8)	1.31^a (0.45, 3.83)	38.1 + 12.7	0.57
	Minor illness	No	20 (19.6)	5 (12.8)	0.60^a (0.21, 1.74)	13 (15.7)	19 (21.3)	1.46 (0.67, 3.19)	27 (17.5)	5 (21.7)	1.31^a (0.45, 3.83)	38.6 + 11.3	0.57

Note(s): ^aAnalyzed with Chi-square test, ^bAnalyzed with Fisher’s exact test, ³ Analyzed with Mann–Whitney U test, *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01