Characteristics of the study sample
| Characteristics | All, N = 165, n (%) | Controlled group, N = 58, n (%) | Uncontrolled group, N = 107, n (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.056 | |||
| ≤40 | 19 (11.5) | 11 (57.9) | 8 (42.1) | |
| 41–60 | 83 (50.3) | 24 (28.9) | 59 (71.1) | |
| >60 | 63 (38.2) | 23 (36.5) | 40 (63.5) | |
| (Mean = 55.8, SD = 12.8) | ||||
| Gender | 0.995 | |||
| Female | 54 (32.7) | 19 (35.2) | 35 (64.8) | |
| Male | 111 (67.3) | 39 (35.1) | 72 (64.9) | |
| Marital status | 0.013 | |||
| Single | 13 (7.9) | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | |
| Married | 152 (92.1) | 49 (32.2) | 103 (67.8) | |
| Educational level | 0.493 | |||
| No formal school | 12 (7.3) | 4 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | |
| Primary school | 30 (18.2) | 14 (46.7) | 16 (53.3) | |
| Middle school | 14 (8.5) | 4 (28.6) | 10 (71.4) | |
| High school | 84 (50.9) | 30 (35.7) | 54 (64.3) | |
| University graduate | 25 (15.1) | 6 (24.0) | 19 (76.0) | |
| Employment | 0.957 | |||
| Unemployed | 88 (53.3) | 30 (34.1) | 58 (65.9) | |
| Government worker | 7 (4.3) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | |
| Laborer | 39 (23.6) | 15 (38.5) | 24 (61.5) | |
| Self-employed | 23 (13.9) | 7 (30.4) | 16 (69.6) | |
| Other | 8 (4.9) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (62.5) | |
| CKD stage | 0.018 | |||
| Stage 3 (30-59) | 62 (37.6) | 30 (48.4) | 32 (51.6) | |
| Stage 4 (15-29) | 42 (25.4) | 13 (31.0) | 29 (69.0) | |
| Stage 5 (< 15) | 61 (37.0) | 15 (24.6) | 46 (75.4) | |
| (Mean eGFR = 24.60, SD = 17.15) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.933 | |||
| No | 96 (58.2) | 34 (35.4) | 62 (64.6) | |
| Yes | 69 (41.8) | 24 (34.8) | 45 (65.2) | |
| CVD | 0.199 | |||
| No | 88 (53.3) | 27 (30.7) | 61 (69.3) | |
| Yes | 77 (46.7) | 31 (40.3) | 46 (59.7) | |
| Perceived stress | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 78 (47.2) | 50 (64.1) | 28 (35.9) | |
| Moderate | 28 (17.0) | 4 (14.3) | 24 (85.7) | |
| High | 59 (35.8) | 4 (6.8) | 55 (93.2) | |
| Physical activity | <0.001 | |||
| Moderate | 23 (13.9) | 21 (91.3) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Low | 142 (86.1) | 37 (26.1) | 105 (73.9) | |
| Dietary pattern | <0.001 | |||
| Healthy | 88 (53.3) | 53 (60.2) | 35 (39.8) | |
| Unhealthy | 77 (46.7) | 5 (6.5) | 72 (93.5) | |
| Characteristics | All, | Controlled group, | Uncontrolled group, | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.056 | |||
| ≤40 | 19 (11.5) | 11 (57.9) | 8 (42.1) | |
| 41–60 | 83 (50.3) | 24 (28.9) | 59 (71.1) | |
| >60 | 63 (38.2) | 23 (36.5) | 40 (63.5) | |
| Gender | 0.995 | |||
| Female | 54 (32.7) | 19 (35.2) | 35 (64.8) | |
| Male | 111 (67.3) | 39 (35.1) | 72 (64.9) | |
| Marital status | 0.013 | |||
| Single | 13 (7.9) | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | |
| Married | 152 (92.1) | 49 (32.2) | 103 (67.8) | |
| Educational level | 0.493 | |||
| No formal school | 12 (7.3) | 4 (33.3) | 8 (66.7) | |
| Primary school | 30 (18.2) | 14 (46.7) | 16 (53.3) | |
| Middle school | 14 (8.5) | 4 (28.6) | 10 (71.4) | |
| High school | 84 (50.9) | 30 (35.7) | 54 (64.3) | |
| University graduate | 25 (15.1) | 6 (24.0) | 19 (76.0) | |
| Employment | 0.957 | |||
| Unemployed | 88 (53.3) | 30 (34.1) | 58 (65.9) | |
| Government worker | 7 (4.3) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | |
| Laborer | 39 (23.6) | 15 (38.5) | 24 (61.5) | |
| Self-employed | 23 (13.9) | 7 (30.4) | 16 (69.6) | |
| Other | 8 (4.9) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (62.5) | |
| CKD stage | 0.018 | |||
| Stage 3 (30-59) | 62 (37.6) | 30 (48.4) | 32 (51.6) | |
| Stage 4 (15-29) | 42 (25.4) | 13 (31.0) | 29 (69.0) | |
| Stage 5 (< 15) | 61 (37.0) | 15 (24.6) | 46 (75.4) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.933 | |||
| No | 96 (58.2) | 34 (35.4) | 62 (64.6) | |
| Yes | 69 (41.8) | 24 (34.8) | 45 (65.2) | |
| CVD | 0.199 | |||
| No | 88 (53.3) | 27 (30.7) | 61 (69.3) | |
| Yes | 77 (46.7) | 31 (40.3) | 46 (59.7) | |
| Perceived stress | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 78 (47.2) | 50 (64.1) | 28 (35.9) | |
| Moderate | 28 (17.0) | 4 (14.3) | 24 (85.7) | |
| High | 59 (35.8) | 4 (6.8) | 55 (93.2) | |
| Physical activity | <0.001 | |||
| Moderate | 23 (13.9) | 21 (91.3) | 2 (8.7) | |
| Low | 142 (86.1) | 37 (26.1) | 105 (73.9) | |
| Dietary pattern | <0.001 | |||
| Healthy | 88 (53.3) | 53 (60.2) | 35 (39.8) | |
| Unhealthy | 77 (46.7) | 5 (6.5) | 72 (93.5) | |
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