Regression analysis (mediated hypothesis)
| Hypothesis | Effect of EL on RI | Effect of EL on PS | Effect of EL on EV | Effect of RI on PS | Effect of RI on EV | Total effect of EL on EV | Direct effect of EL on EV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethical Voice | 0.367*** | 0.518*** | 0.244*** | 0.165* | 0.138*** | 0.481*** | 0.203*** |
| Hypothesis | Effect of EL on RI | Effect of EL on PS | Effect of EL on EV | Effect of RI on PS | Effect of RI on EV | Total effect of EL on EV | Direct effect of EL on EV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ethical Voice | 0.367 | 0.518 | 0.244 | 0.165 | 0.138 | 0.481 | 0.203 |
Notes:
RI = relational identification; EL = ethical leadership; EV = ethical voice; PS = psychological safety; ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05
Source: Authors’ own work
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