Physical and mechanical properties of the expansive soil investigated
| Property | Value/description | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Specific gravity of solids, Gs | 2·76 | ASTM D 854 (ASTM, 2014a) |
| Sand fraction (0·075–4·75 mm): % | 13 | ASTM D 422 (ASTM, 2007) |
| Silt fraction (2–75 μm): % | 42 | ASTM D 422 (ASTM, 2007) |
| Clay fraction (<2 μm): % | 45 | ASTM D 422 (ASTM, 2007) |
| LL: %a | 80·2 | ASTM D 4318 (ASTM, 2017a) |
| PL: %b | 24·1 | ASTM D 4318 (ASTM, 2017a) |
| PI = LL − PL: % | 56·1 | ASTM D 4318 (ASTM, 2017a) |
| USCS classification | CH | ASTM D 2487 (ASTM, 2017b) |
| FSI: %c | 133 | IS 1948 (BIS, 1970) |
| Degree of expansivity | High | IS 1948 (BIS, 1970) |
| Optimum moisture content, wopt: % | 18·6 | ASTM D 698 (ASTM, 2012) |
| Maximum dry unit weight, γdmax: kN/m3 | 16·7 | ASTM D 698 (ASTM, 2012) |
| Minimum void ratio for compaction, emind | 0·624 | ASTM D 698 (ASTM, 2012) |
| Specific gravity of solids, | 2·76 | ASTM D 854 ( |
| Sand fraction (0·075–4·75 mm): % | 13 | ASTM D 422 ( |
| Silt fraction (2–75 μm): % | 42 | ASTM D 422 ( |
| Clay fraction (<2 μm): % | 45 | ASTM D 422 ( |
| LL: % | 80·2 | ASTM D 4318 ( |
| PL: % | 24·1 | ASTM D 4318 ( |
| PI = LL − PL: % | 56·1 | ASTM D 4318 ( |
| USCS classification | CH | ASTM D 2487 ( |
| FSI: % | 133 | IS 1948 ( |
| Degree of expansivity | High | IS 1948 ( |
| Optimum moisture content, | 18·6 | ASTM D 698 ( |
| Maximum dry unit weight, | 16·7 | ASTM D 698 ( |
| Minimum void ratio for compaction, | 0·624 | ASTM D 698 ( |
Percussion-cup method
Thread-rolling method
FSI = (VD − VK)/VK × 100 (where VD and VK are the equilibrium sediment volumes of 10 g oven-dried soil, passing a 425 μm sieve, when placed in distilled water and kerosene, respectively)
Computed from emin = Gsγw/γdmax − 1 (where γw = unit weight of water)