| I1 | Inadequate to CE concepts in IFPRS | Sarkis and Zhu (2008), Zhang et al. (2019) |
| I2 | Lack of skills and expertise in IFPRS implementation for a CE | Shahbazi et al. (2016), Agyemang et al. (2018) |
| I3 | Shortage of appropriate product recovery measures | Andel (2004), Moktadir et al. (2019) |
| I4 | Risk related to IFPRS adoption for a CE | Linder and Williander (2017), Kaur et al. (2018), Agyemang et al. (2018) |
| I5 | Lack of economic incentives for adopting the recovery practices | MacArthur (2014), Westblom (2015) |
| I6 | Feasibility of IFPRS employment for a CE | MacArthur (2013), Agyemang et al. (2018) |
| I7 | Insufficient information available to customer on product returns | MacArthur et al. (2015), Zailani et al. (2017) |
| I8 | Lack of administration engagement | Yacob et al. (2012), Zhang et al. (2019) |
| I9 | Deficient capital to implement IFPRS for a CE | Mittal and Sangwan (2014), Mahpour (2018) |
| I10 | High authorities reluctant to innovate to IFPRS for a CE | Agyemang et al. (2018), de Sousa Jabbour et al. (2018) |
| I11 | Deficient business-friendly policies in context to CE progression | Shen et al. (2015), Kirchherr et al. (2018) |
| I12 | Substantial technology and technical ability toward IFPRS implementation for a CE | Kirchherr et al. (2018) |
| I13 | Lack of existing recovery techniques | Westblom (2015), Bouzon et al. (2018) |
| I14 | Less insight and awareness of CE in IFPRS | Ranta et al. (2018), Ritzén and Sandström (2017), Mahpour (2018) |
| I15 | Lack of rewards from government for CE adoption | Mudgal et al. (2010), Gunasekaran and Ngai (2004) |
| I16 | Uncertain outcomes in moving to CE in IFPRS | Ranta et al. (2018), Ritzén and Sandström (2017) |
| I17 | Information deficiency and lack of technical infrastructure | Ali et al. (2018), Zhang et al. (2019) |
| I18 | Inadequate in adopting recent IT technology | Govindan and Bouzon (2018), Bouzon et al. (2018) |
| I19 | Lack of information exchange among suppliers | Walker et al. (2008), Mangla et al. (2018) |
| I20 | Concern toward shifting to IFPRS for a CE | Rao and Holt (2005), Govindan et al. (2014) |
| I21 | No efficient training and program to CE adoption | Muduli and Barve (2011), De Jesus and Mendonça (2018) |
| I22 | Lack of customer involvement toward CE concepts | Kumar and Malegeant (2006), Rizos et al. (2016), Genovese et al. (2017) |
| I23 | Realizing goal and vision toward CE in IFPRS | Veleva et al. (2017), Mittal and Sangwan (2014) |
| I24 | Lack of government backing toward CE | AlKhidir and Zailani (2009), Mangla et al. (2018) |