Table 3 VNC comparison VNC type Priority... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

VNC comparison

VNC type	Priority	Pros	Cons
University driven	Medium	1. Can deploy small cells co-located with Wi-Fi APs 2. Enables university-specific services 3. Helps addressing data privacy issue as data stay within the university with the local network setup	1. Small cell CAPEX/OPEX is high 2. Unavailability of non-standalone support for 5G 3. Lack of experience in operating 3GPP networks and university might outsource some of the network operations 4. Customers need to have multiple SIMs (university provided and existing MNO SIM)
Single MNO driven	Medium	1. Less complexity in renting space to a single MNO 2. MNO experience and non-standalone support	Monopoly of a single MNO in the campus area
Multi-MNO driven	Low	1. Maintains competition among MNOs 2. Presence of all MNOs on the campus 3. Customers can continue to use their existing MNO SIMs in campus	1. Overlapping infrastructure investment 2. University needs to provide space for all the MNOs, which might impact the aesthetics of the building 3. Interference problems
Neutral host driven (network slicing)	High	1. Reduced CAPEX/OPEX 2. Enables different deployment models 3. Efficient utilization of resources	Challenge in ownership and strategic control of the network
Neutral host driven (national roaming)	Medium	End-users can have a single subscription	Increased complexity and load on campus network

VNC type	Priority	Pros	Cons
University driven	Medium	1. Can deploy small cells co-located with Wi-Fi APs2. Enables university-specific services3. Helps addressing data privacy issue as data stay within the university with the local network setup	1. Small cell CAPEX/OPEX is high2. Unavailability of non-standalone support for 5G3. Lack of experience in operating 3GPP networks and university might outsource some of the network operations4. Customers need to have multiple SIMs (university provided and existing MNO SIM)
Single MNO driven	Medium	1. Less complexity in renting space to a single MNO2. MNO experience and non-standalone support	Monopoly of a single MNO in the campus area
Multi-MNO driven	Low	1. Maintains competition among MNOs2. Presence of all MNOs on the campus3. Customers can continue to use their existing MNO SIMs in campus	1. Overlapping infrastructure investment2. University needs to provide space for all the MNOs, which might impact the aesthetics of the building3. Interference problems
Neutral host driven (network slicing)	High	1. Reduced CAPEX/OPEX2. Enables different deployment models3. Efficient utilization of resources	Challenge in ownership and strategic control of the network
Neutral host driven (national roaming)	Medium	End-users can have a single subscription	Increased complexity and load on campus network