Table 2

Descriptive statistics of independent variable

ItemsMeanSDLoadingAVEReliability
HSON2.951.14 0.808 
The customer is king2.731.300.882 0.956
The customer is right3.061.080.825 0.988
The customer is the reason for our being3.061.040.719 0.987
LPG2.741.11 0.824 
Guest freedom to consume alcohol and/or drugs2.821.100.873 0.987
Management excusing problematic guest behaviour2.761.220.865 0.995
Guests permitted to be anonymous2.621.070.782 0.894
Employees not speaking their mind about bad guest behaviour2.781.070.760 0.857
MSL3.061.09 0.701 
Lack of clear policy guidelines on appropriate guest behaviours2.741.030.718 0.879
Leaving guest management to staff discretion3.221.120.705 0.987
Blurred lines of behaviour expected of guests3.221.130.677 0.985

Note(s): The Italic values, specifically under the AVE are the values indicating the validity of the construct and it shows the validity to be above the threshold of 0.5

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