Comparing the roles of ACAs in eight Asian countries/regions
| Anti-Corruption Agency | 2014 Per capita expenditure | 2014 Staff-population ratio | Role of Anti-Corruption Agency | 2020 CPI rank & score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICAC (Type A) Hong Kong | US$16.59 | 1:5,333 | Independent watchdog | 11th (77) |
| CPIB (Type A) Singapore | US$5.36 | 1:26,682 | Independent watchdog | 3rd (85) |
| ACRC (Type B) South Korea | US$1.15 | 1:108,430 | Paper tiger | 33rd (61) |
| AAC (Type A) Taiwan | US$0.61 | 1:97,641 | Paper tiger | 28th (65) |
| OMB (Type B) Philippines | US$0.39 | 1:81,631 | Paper tiger | 115th (34) |
| CBI (Type B) India | US$0.05 | 1:228,206 | Paper tiger and attack dog | 86th (40) |
| ACC (Type A) Bangladesh | US$0.37 | 1:127,369 | Attack dog | 146th (26) |
| NAB (Type A) Pakistan | US$0.11 | 1:461,442 | Attack dog | 124th (31) |
| Anti-Corruption | 2014 Per capita expenditure | 2014 Staff-population ratio | Role of Anti-Corruption Agency | 2020 CPI rank & score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICAC (Type A) | US$16.59 | 1:5,333 | Independent watchdog | 11th (77) |
| CPIB (Type A) | US$5.36 | 1:26,682 | Independent watchdog | 3rd (85) |
| ACRC (Type B) | US$1.15 | 1:108,430 | Paper tiger | 33rd (61) |
| AAC (Type A) | US$0.61 | 1:97,641 | Paper tiger | 28th (65) |
| OMB (Type B) | US$0.39 | 1:81,631 | Paper tiger | 115th (34) |
| CBI (Type B) | US$0.05 | 1:228,206 | Paper tiger and attack dog | 86th (40) |
| ACC (Type A) | US$0.37 | 1:127,369 | Attack dog | 146th (26) |
| NAB (Type A) | US$0.11 | 1:461,442 | Attack dog | 124th (31) |
Sources: Quah (2017, p. 65) and Transparency International (2021, pp. 2-3).
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