Table 6

Key features and gaps of National Environment Policy 2018 (a case)

Key featuresGaps
  • The policy aims at achieving SDGs through environmental protection, pollution control, biodiversity conservation, and climate adaptation

  • Identified 24 sectors/ areas and set a guideline for each

  • The importance of research, ecotourism, biosafety, control of invasive species, coastal and marine ecosystem, 3R technology, and sustainable production and consumption has been added

  • Underlined the commitments given in the accepted international conventions, protocols, treaties, codes, and memorandums

  • Taken almost all ministries and divisions as the stakeholders, where MOEFCC is the nodal ministry. Also, a national environment committee headed by the Prime Minister will advise from time to time

  • Lack of reflection of research findings and line experts’ opinions

  • Did not specify the responsibilities for the stakeholders

  • The coordination and integration mechanism is ambiguous.

  • The problems originating from jurisdictional overlapping were not addressed

  • The concept of environmental, water, land, forest and marine governance is absent

  • There is no time frame, monitoring, and evaluation tools

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