Table 1. Constructs’ items and their...

Table 1.

Constructs’ items and their relevant loadings

Constructs with the items	Items	Factors loadings
Entrepreneurial knowledge (EK)	AVE	0.62
Entrepreneurial knowledge (EK)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.72
“I have sufficient knowledge of the legal requirements to start a business”		0.70
“I know how to find the resources (e.g. financial) to set up a business”		0.69
“I have sufficient knowledge to organize a business”		0.80
“I have sufficient knowledge in marketing a product/service”		0.90
“I have sufficient knowledge in commercializing a business idea”		0.88
“I have sufficient knowledge in managing a business”		0.76
Perceived desirability (PDE)	AVE	0.79
Perceived desirability (PDE)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.64
“How attractive is it for you to start your own business?”		0.75
“If you started your own business, how would you feel about doing it?”		0.78
“If you started your own business, how tense would you be?”		0.76
“If you started your own business, how enthusiastic would you be?”		0.90
Perceived self-efficacy (PSE)	AVE	0.63
Perceived self-efficacy (PSE)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.87
“How practical is it for you to start your own business?”		0.90
“How hard do you think it would be to start your own business?”		0.80
“If you started your business, what do you think about the workload?”		0.70
“If you started your own business, how certain of success are you?”		0.76
Entrepreneurial intention (EI)	AVE	0.63
Entrepreneurial intention (EI)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.79
“I am interested in setting up my own business”		0.70
“I have considered setting up my own business”		0.89
“I am prepared to set up my own business”		0.87
“I am going to try hard to set up my own business”		0.76
“How soon are you likely to set up your own business?”		0.74

Constructs with the items	Items	Factors loadings
Entrepreneurial knowledge (EK)	AVE	0.62
Entrepreneurial knowledge (EK)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.72
“I have sufficient knowledge of the legal requirements to start a business”		0.70
“I know how to find the resources (e.g. financial) to set up a business”		0.69
“I have sufficient knowledge to organize a business”		0.80
“I have sufficient knowledge in marketing a product/service”		0.90
“I have sufficient knowledge in commercializing a business idea”		0.88
“I have sufficient knowledge in managing a business”		0.76
Perceived desirability (PDE)	AVE	0.79
Perceived desirability (PDE)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.64
“How attractive is it for you to start your own business?”		0.75
“If you started your own business, how would you feel about doing it?”		0.78
“If you started your own business, how tense would you be?”		0.76
“If you started your own business, how enthusiastic would you be?”		0.90
Perceived self-efficacy (PSE)	AVE	0.63
Perceived self-efficacy (PSE)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.87
“How practical is it for you to start your own business?”		0.90
“How hard do you think it would be to start your own business?”		0.80
“If you started your business, what do you think about the workload?”		0.70
“If you started your own business, how certain of success are you?”		0.76
Entrepreneurial intention (EI)	AVE	0.63
Entrepreneurial intention (EI)	Cronbach’s Alpha	0.79
“I am interested in setting up my own business”		0.70
“I have considered setting up my own business”		0.89
“I am prepared to set up my own business”		0.87
“I am going to try hard to set up my own business”		0.76
“How soon are you likely to set up your own business?”		0.74

Notes:

AVE = average variance extracted. All the factors have AVE > 0.50, therefore, the convergent validity is ensured. Cronbach’s Alpha is greater than 0.70 for all the constructs therefore, the reliability of the constructs is established. EK, PDE, PSE and EI are the abbreviations of the constructs. Entrepreneurial knowledge, perceived desirability, perceived self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention, respectively

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