Table I

A List of conceptual and empirical motivations

AuthorsConceptual motivationsEmpirical motivations
Seaton (1996) Pilgrimage, Pride, Moral-witness, Social-experience, Seeking to make a site sacred 
Seaton and Lennon (2004) The pleasure of seeing other’s disaster 
Ashworth and Hartmann (2005) Curiosity, experience something unique 
Tarlow (2005) Curiosity, Feeling of insecurity, Sense of gratitude, Humility and A must visit 
Stone (2012) Education, Entertainment, Memorialization and Morality 
Bigley et al. (2010)  To experience opposing political regime; knowledge/appreciation of history, culture, and security; curiosity/adventure; war and consequences and nature-based tourism
Dunkley et al. (2011)  Special interest, pilgrimage, remembrance and validation
Biran et al. (2011)  Learning and understanding, famous death tourist site, see it to believe it
Kang et al. (2012)  Curiosity and social reasons, learning and obligation
Toussaint and Decrop (2013)  Physical setting, activities and meaning created by visitors
Isaac and Çakmak (2014)  Curiosity, a must see site, self-understanding, exclusiveness and conscience

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