Table 2.

The importance of varying sources of learning and innovation

Types of sourcesDegree of importance
High (%)Medium (%)Low (%)
Internal sources
Origins in the business or business group69.525.35.2
Market resources
Suppliers of machinery, resources and software parts56.639.34.1
Clients or customers75.723.21.1
Business rivals or businesses in the enterprise’s field60.438.42.2
Specialists, business labs or private R&D institutes58.338.53.2
Institutional sources
Universities or other higher education institutions45.435.120.5
Government or public research institutes69.727.23.1
Other sources
Conferences, trade fairs, exhibitions67.530.22.3
Scientific journal records and trade/technical publications prints66.128.55.4
Professional and industry associations72.625.12.3
Source: Authors computation (2019)

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