Mean, standard deviation, convergent validity and reliability measurement
| Constructs and items | Factor loadings |
|---|---|
| Performance expectancy (PE) | |
| Mean = 6.373; SD = 0.874; Cronbach’s α = 0.933; CR = 0.933; AVE = 0.775 (Zhao and Bacao, 2021; Cabanillas et al. (2020)) | |
| I feel using m-payment as a contactless payment is safer than traditional payment during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.888 |
| I feel using m-payment is a beneficial payment method among people when conducting a financial transaction during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.915 |
| I perceive convenience when using m-payment during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.922 |
| I find using m-payments useful in my daily life | 0.926 |
| Effort expectancy (EE) | |
| Mean = 6.351; SD = 0.872; Cronbach’s α = 0.935; CR = 0.936; AVE = 0.787 (Ooi and Tan, 2016; Zhao and Bacao, 2021; Yang et al., 2021) | |
| I think using m-payments is easy for me | 0.910 |
| I think learning to use m-payments is easy | 0.924 |
| It is easy to follow all the steps of m-payment | 0.926 |
| I like the fact that payments done through m-payments require minimum effort | 0.903 |
| Perceived security (PS) | |
| Mean = 5.413; SD = 0.1.109; Cronbach’s α = 0.922; CR = 0.913; AVE = 0.723 (Aslam et al., 2017; Zhao and Bacao, 2021; Pal et al., 2021) | |
| I would find m-payment services secure when conducting my payment transactions | 0.909 |
| I feel m-payments are secure when transmitting sensitive information during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.911 |
| The risk of abuse of usage (e.g. names of business partners, payment amount) is low | 0.889 |
| The password protection guarantees security | 0.894 |
| Social influence (SI) | |
| Mean = 5.357; SD = 1.237; Cronbach’s α = 0.942; CR = 0.941; AVE = 0.801 (Zhao and Bacao, 2021; Yang et al., 2021; Jouda, 2020) | |
| People who are important to me (e.g. family members, close friends and colleagues) recommend me to use m-payments during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.921 |
| People who are important to me think that I should use m-payments | 0.925 |
| People who are important to me support me to use m-payments during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.918 |
| People who influence my behavior want me to use m-payments instead of any other alternative means | 0.928 |
| Facilitating conditions (FC) | |
| Mean = 5.539; SD = 1.071; Cronbach’s α = 0.897; CR = 0.898; AVE = 0.689 (Jouda, 2020; Yang et al., 2021) | |
| I have the resources necessary to use m-payments | 0.869 |
| I have the knowledge necessary to use m-payments | 0.889 |
| I have the financial and technological resources required to use m-payments | 0.850 |
| I have access to the software and hardware required to use m-payments | 0.891 |
| Favorable attitude toward m-payment (FATM) | |
| Mean = 5.595; SD = 1.116; Cronbach’s α = 0.947; CR = 0.946; AVE = 0.814 (Jouda, 2020; Aslam et al., 2017) | |
| Using m-payment service is a good decision | 0.931 |
| Using m-payment service is a wise decision | 0.927 |
| I like to use m-payment service | 0.927 |
| Using m-payment service is a good idea | 0.929 |
| Unfavorable attitude toward cash payment (UATC) | |
| Mean = 5.174; SD = 1.227; Cronbach’s α = 0.930; CR = 0.930; AVE = 0.766 (Jouda, 2020; Aslam et al., 2017) | |
| Still using cash for payment during COVID-19 pandemic is a wrong decision | 0.917 |
| Still using cash for payment during COVID-19 pandemic is a careless decision | 0.922 |
| I do not like to use cash payment (banknote) during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.891 |
| Using cash payment is a bad idea | 0.909 |
| Continuance intention (CI) | |
| Mean = 5.414; SD = 1.182; Cronbach’s α = 0.949; CR = 0.946; AVE = 0.819 (Zhao and Bacao, 2021; Yang et al., 2021; Pal et al., 2021) | |
| I intend to continue using m-payments more frequently in the future during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.916 |
| I am willing to continuously use m-payments in the near future during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.937 |
| I intend to increase my use of m-payments in the future | 0.942 |
| I intend to increase the frequency of my overall use of the m-payments | 0.927 |
| Actual use (AU) | |
| Mean = 5.427; SD = 1.207; Cronbach’s α = 0.923; CR = 0.922; AVE = 0.744 (Yang et al., 2021; Pal et al., 2021) | |
| I often use m-payments to manage my account | 0.878 |
| I often use m-payments to transfer and remit money | 0.897 |
| I often use m-payments to make payments | 0.904 |
| I use m-payment apps for a variety of transactions | 0.925 |
| Constructs and items | Factor loadings |
|---|---|
| Mean = 6.373; SD = 0.874; Cronbach’s | |
| I feel using m-payment as a contactless payment is safer than traditional payment during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.888 |
| I feel using m-payment is a beneficial payment method among people when conducting a financial transaction during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.915 |
| I perceive convenience when using m-payment during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.922 |
| I find using m-payments useful in my daily life | 0.926 |
| Mean = 6.351; SD = 0.872; Cronbach’s α = 0.935; CR = 0.936; AVE = 0.787 ( | |
| I think using m-payments is easy for me | 0.910 |
| I think learning to use m-payments is easy | 0.924 |
| It is easy to follow all the steps of m-payment | 0.926 |
| I like the fact that payments done through m-payments require minimum effort | 0.903 |
| Mean = 5.413; SD = 0.1.109; Cronbach’s | |
| I would find m-payment services secure when conducting my payment transactions | 0.909 |
| I feel m-payments are secure when transmitting sensitive information during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.911 |
| The risk of abuse of usage (e.g. names of business partners, payment amount) is low | 0.889 |
| The password protection guarantees security | 0.894 |
| Mean = 5.357; SD = 1.237; Cronbach’s | |
| People who are important to me (e.g. family members, close friends and colleagues) recommend me to use m-payments during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.921 |
| People who are important to me think that I should use m-payments | 0.925 |
| People who are important to me support me to use m-payments during the COVID-19 pandemic | 0.918 |
| People who influence my behavior want me to use m-payments instead of any other alternative means | 0.928 |
| Mean = 5.539; SD = 1.071; Cronbach’s | |
| I have the resources necessary to use m-payments | 0.869 |
| I have the knowledge necessary to use m-payments | 0.889 |
| I have the financial and technological resources required to use m-payments | 0.850 |
| I have access to the software and hardware required to use m-payments | 0.891 |
| Mean = 5.595; SD = 1.116; Cronbach’s | |
| Using m-payment service is a good decision | 0.931 |
| Using m-payment service is a wise decision | 0.927 |
| I like to use m-payment service | 0.927 |
| Using m-payment service is a good idea | 0.929 |
| Mean = 5.174; SD = 1.227; Cronbach’s | |
| Still using cash for payment during COVID-19 pandemic is a wrong decision | 0.917 |
| Still using cash for payment during COVID-19 pandemic is a careless decision | 0.922 |
| I do not like to use cash payment (banknote) during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.891 |
| Using cash payment is a bad idea | 0.909 |
| Mean = 5.414; SD = 1.182; Cronbach’s | |
| I intend to continue using m-payments more frequently in the future during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.916 |
| I am willing to continuously use m-payments in the near future during COVID-19 pandemic | 0.937 |
| I intend to increase my use of m-payments in the future | 0.942 |
| I intend to increase the frequency of my overall use of the m-payments | 0.927 |
| Mean = 5.427; SD = 1.207; Cronbach’s | |
| I often use m-payments to manage my account | 0.878 |
| I often use m-payments to transfer and remit money | 0.897 |
| I often use m-payments to make payments | 0.904 |
| I use m-payment apps for a variety of transactions | 0.925 |
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