Table 1.

Scale refinement

IndicatorsLambda (λ)
Information (Baldus et al., 2015) α = 0.784; CR = 0.870; AVE = 0.693
INFO1: I use technology to find breaking news events0.916
INFO2: I use technology to get updated information0.829
INFO3: Technology provides me information that helps me make important decisions0.737
Social interaction (Baldus et al., 2015; Hollebeek, 2011) α = 0.768; CR = 0.836; AVE = 0.566
SOC1: I often use technology to contribute of provide feedback to other people0.742
SOC2: Using technology will give me an opportunity to meet and to know people0.836
SOC3: I often use technology to discuss arguments, give my opinions and ideas0.658
SOC4: I often use technology to join social networking0.699
Entertainment (Novak et al., 2000; Koufaris, 2002) α = 0.849; CR = 0.819; AVE = 0.612
DIS1: I use technology to have fun0.825
DIS2: Using technologies provides me with a lot of enjoyment0.831
DIS3: I feel pleasure when experiencing/exploring new media technologies0.625
Type of content (De Wulf et al., 2006) α = 0.842; CR = 0.862; AVE = 0.662
CONT1: Technology provides me up-to-date contents0.743
CONT2: Technology provides me sufficient/wide variety of contents0.884
CONT3: Technology provides me interesting contents pertaining to my concerns0.732
Engagement (Koufaris, 2002; Sharafi et al., 2006) α = 0.761; CR = 0.799; AVE = 0.592
ENG1: When using technology, I am deeply engrossed in the activity0.806
ENG2: When using technology, I fully concentrate on the activity0.749
ENG3: When using technology, I am usually absorbed intensely in the activity0.679
Use (Davis, 1989) α = 0.842; CR = 0.879; AVE = 0.710
USE1: I will use technology in the next days0.684
USE2: I plan to use technology in the future0.886
USE3: I expect my use of technology to continue in the future0.855

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