Table 2 NorSand kernel ( p i , p mx and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

NorSand kernel (p _i, p _mx and M _i are internal NS variables)

Yield surface	$η / M_{i} = 1 + \ln (p_{i} / σ_{m}^{'})$
Flow rule	$D^{p} = - M_{i} \ln (p_{i} / σ_{m}^{'})$
Hardening	$d p_{i} = H (p_{mx} - p_{i}) d ϵ_{q}^{p}$ …where $p_{mx} = σ_{m}^{'} \exp (- X ψ / M_{i, tc})$

Yield surface	$η / M_{i} = 1 + \ln (p_{i} / σ_{m}^{'})$
Flow rule	$D^{p} = - M_{i} \ln (p_{i} / σ_{m}^{'})$
Hardening	$d p_{i} = H (p_{mx} - p_{i}) d ϵ_{q}^{p}$ …where $p_{mx} = σ_{m}^{'} \exp (- X ψ / M_{i, tc})$

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