Logistic regression model
| Variables in the model* | Hypothesis | Predicted sign | B | Wald | Significance** | Tolerance | VIF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIZE | H1 | + | 0.000 | 18.723 | 0.000 | 0.715 | 1.400 | |
| SEGMENTS | H2 | + | 0.030 | 0.076 | 0.783 | 0.920 | 1.086 | |
| RECINV | H3 | + | 0.021 | 5.706 | 0.017 | 0.900 | 1.111 | |
| OCF | H4 | + | 0.029 | 4.152 | 0.042 | 0.862 | 1.160 | |
| RISKC | H5 | + | 1.680 | 10.603 | 0.001 | 0.922 | 1.085 | |
| LEV | H6 | + | −0.006 | 0.507 | 0.476 | 0.784 | 1.276 | |
| DSH | H7 | ∓ | −0.027 | 4.891 | 0.027 | 0.833 | 1.200 | |
| MSH | H8 | ? | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.983 | 0.851 | 1.175 | |
| INDCH | H9 | + | −0.274 | 0.709 | 0.400 | 0.875 | 1.143 | |
| INDDS | H10 | + | −0.007 | 0.127 | 0.722 | 0.469 | 2.132 | |
| ACSIZE | H11a | + | 0.587 | 4.044 | 0.044 | 0.549 | 1.820 | |
| ACIND | H11b | + | −0.005 | 0.171 | 0.679 | 0.553 | 1.807 | |
| ACEXP | H11c | + | 0.014 | 3.986 | 0.046 | 0.917 | 1.091 | |
| ACMEET | H11d | + | 0.374 | 5.735 | 0.017 | 0.751 | 1.332 | |
| BIG4 | — | ? | 0.968 | 3.219 | 0.073 | 0.803 | 1.246 | |
| AUDITFEES | — | ? | −0.506 | 0.365 | 0.546 | 0.824 | 1.214 | |
| Constant | −5.040 | 12.358 | 0.000 | |||||
| N | 332 | Pseudo R Square: | ||||||
| Model Chi-square | 172.980 | Cox & Snell | 0.406 | |||||
| Significance | 0.000 | Nagelkerke | 0.553 | |||||
| Overall Percentage Correct | 80.7 | |||||||
| Variables in the model | Hypothesis | Predicted sign | B | Wald | Significance | Tolerance | VIF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| + | 0.000 | 18.723 | 0.715 | 1.400 | ||||
| SEGMENTS | + | 0.030 | 0.076 | 0.783 | 0.920 | 1.086 | ||
| + | 0.021 | 5.706 | 0.900 | 1.111 | ||||
| + | 0.029 | 4.152 | 0.862 | 1.160 | ||||
| + | 1.680 | 10.603 | 0.922 | 1.085 | ||||
| LEV | + | −0.006 | 0.507 | 0.476 | 0.784 | 1.276 | ||
| ∓ | −0.027 | 4.891 | 0.833 | 1.200 | ||||
| MSH | ? | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.983 | 0.851 | 1.175 | ||
| INDCH | + | −0.274 | 0.709 | 0.400 | 0.875 | 1.143 | ||
| INDDS | + | −0.007 | 0.127 | 0.722 | 0.469 | 2.132 | ||
| + | 0.587 | 4.044 | 0.549 | 1.820 | ||||
| ACIND | + | −0.005 | 0.171 | 0.679 | 0.553 | 1.807 | ||
| + | 0.014 | 3.986 | 0.917 | 1.091 | ||||
| + | 0.374 | 5.735 | 0.751 | 1.332 | ||||
| — | ? | 0.968 | 3.219 | 0.803 | 1.246 | |||
| AUDITFEES | — | ? | −0.506 | 0.365 | 0.546 | 0.824 | 1.214 | |
| Constant | −5.040 | 12.358 | 0.000 | |||||
| 332 | ||||||||
| Model Chi-square | 172.980 | Cox & Snell | 0.406 | |||||
| Significance | 0.000 | Nagelkerke | ||||||
| Overall Percentage Correct | 80.7 | |||||||
Notes:
Dependent variable (IAF existence) = 1 if the company has an IAF, 0 if the company does not;
SIZE = Total Assets; SEGMENTS = number of operating segments; RECINV = receivables and inventories divided by total assets; OCF = operating cash flows divided by total assets; RISKC = 1 if the company has a risk management committee, 0 otherwise; LEV = long-term debts divided by total assets; DSH = percentage of outstanding shares owned by directors; MSH = percentage of outstanding shares owned by the major (institutional) shareholders; NDCH = 1 if the chairman is independent, 0 otherwise; INDDS = percentage of independent directors on the board; ACSIZE = number of audit committee members; ACIND = percentage of independent directors on the audit committee; ACEXP = percentage of directors with financial expertise on the audit committee; ACMEET = number of audit committee meetings during the year; BIG4 = 1 when a Big 4 external auditor is used and 0 otherwise; AUDITFEES = total external audit fees divided by total assets;
p-Value (two-tailed)