Table I

Four “approaches for taking theoretical knowledge into practice”

LevelEvidencePredictability of effects
1: Evidence-based practicesEmpirical evidence for cause and effect relationships, direct evidence for applicationsHigh
2: Indications for possible solutionsEmpirical evidence for interpretations, indirect evidence for applicationsModerate
3: Explanations for practices and their effectsEmpirical evidence for interpretations, no evidence for applicationsLow
4: Recommendations based on logical reasoningNo evidenceUnclear, uncertain

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