Table 1 Convergent and divergent... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Convergent and divergent leader–follower relations (augmented from Alvesson, 2019a, p. 329)

Types		Construction of reality	Values/ evaluations	Description
Leadership	High alignment	Convergence	Convergence	Parties strongly converge on the nature and assessment of the leader–follower relationship
Frictional leadership	Value divergence	Convergence	Divergence	Parties have convergent understandings of the leadership, but differ in the assessment of its quality or relevance
Frictional leadership	Construction divergence	Divergence	Convergence	Parties have divergent views on what is going on, but are convergent in their assessment of the value of the leader–follower relationship
No leadership	Multiple breakdown	Divergence	Divergence	Parties have divergent views in respect of both the nature and assessment of the relationship, leading to a high degree of ambiguity and confusion
Leadership dispute	Alignment misfit	Convergence	Convergence	Parties strongly converge on the nature and assessment of leader–leader alignment misfit, leading to a high degree of conflict and tension

Types		Construction of reality	Values/ evaluations	Description
Leadership	High alignment	Convergence	Convergence	Parties strongly converge on the nature and assessment of the leader–follower relationship
Frictional leadership	Value divergence	Convergence	Divergence	Parties have convergent understandings of the leadership, but differ in the assessment of its quality or relevance
Frictional leadership	Construction divergence	Divergence	Convergence	Parties have divergent views on what is going on, but are convergent in their assessment of the value of the leader–follower relationship
No leadership	Multiple breakdown	Divergence	Divergence	Parties have divergent views in respect of both the nature and assessment of the relationship, leading to a high degree of ambiguity and confusion
Leadership dispute	Alignment misfit	Convergence	Convergence	Parties strongly converge on the nature and assessment of leader–leader alignment misfit, leading to a high degree of conflict and tension