Table 2 Overview of different design... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Overview of different design thinking process structures

Authors	Process stages
Beckman and Barry (2007)	Observe and Notice		Frame and Reframe	Imagine and Design	Make and experiment
Beverland et al. (2015)	Destabilization		Define and Develop		Transformation
Brown (2008)	Inspiration			Ideation	Implementation
Glen et al. (2015)	Problem finding	Observation	Visualization/sensemaking	Ideation	Prototype and testing	Viability testing
Da Silva et al. (2020)	Understand	Observe	Define	Ideate	Prototype	Test
Shapira et al. (2017)	Discovery		Interpretation	Ideation	Experimentation	Evolution
Liedtka (2015)	Data gathering about user needs			Idea generation	Testing

Authors	Process stages
Beckman and Barry (2007)	Observe and Notice		Frame and Reframe	Imagine and Design	Make and experiment
Beverland et al. (2015)	Destabilization		Define and Develop		Transformation
Brown (2008)	Inspiration			Ideation	Implementation
Glen et al. (2015)	Problem finding	Observation	Visualization/sensemaking	Ideation	Prototype and testing	Viability testing
Da Silva et al. (2020)	Understand	Observe	Define	Ideate	Prototype	Test
Shapira et al. (2017)	Discovery		Interpretation	Ideation	Experimentation	Evolution
Liedtka (2015)	Data gathering about user needs			Idea generation	Testing

Source(s): Authors' own creation