Themes, categories and examples of codes used in the analysis
| Theme | Category | Codes (examples) |
|---|---|---|
| IE archetypes | Physical proximity | High/low level of geographical proximity |
| Proximity (other than geographical) | ||
| Hub-centered system | ||
| Defined area of action | ||
| Dispersed ecosystem | ||
| Dominant issue | One sector in focus | |
| Multiple sectors in focus | ||
| One focus/topic | ||
| Multiple focuses/topics | ||
| Synergies among issues tackled | ||
| What is created | Ouputs | Output in the economic sphere |
| Output in the environmental sphere | ||
| Output in the social sphere | ||
| Output in the innovation sphere | ||
| Prioritization among outputs is clear | ||
| The IE aims at mixing outputs | ||
| Measuring outputs: issues | ||
| Performance | Resilience of the IE | |
| Rapidity in reaching outputs | ||
| Intense outputs reached | ||
| How shared value is created | Coopetition | Good/low collaboration among actors |
| High/low competition among actors | ||
| A mix of collaboration and competition | ||
| Alignment | A common agenda is shared | |
| Common vision/mission presented | ||
| Common project roadmap | ||
| Reinforcing activities and projects | ||
| High/low external viability | ||
| Shared Measurement Systems in place | ||
| Backbone infrastructure in place | ||
| Communication networks and events | ||
| Who creates shared value | Actors’ type | Private actor(s) and its characteristics |
| Public actor(s) and its characteristics | ||
| PPPs in place | ||
| Non-profit entity | ||
| Experts and their characteristics | ||
| Orchestrators: names and characteristics- | ||
| Actors’ relationships | Strategic and competitive resources shared | |
| Not strategic resources shared | ||
| Type of resources shared (tangible/intangible) | ||
| Inside – out or outside-in relationships | ||
| Bidirectional relationships | ||
| Relationships among project members only | ||
| Governance | Top – down structure | |
| Bottom – up structure | ||
| A mix of top-down and bottom-up | ||
| A multi-levered structure | ||
| Committees and boards | ||
| Policies | Role | Key role of policies |
| Policies as enabling settings for innovation | ||
| Role of policies is secondary | ||
| Difficult synergies with private IEs | ||
| Type | Promoting the IE | |
| Promoting relations and PPPs | ||
| Incentives and funding | ||
| Remediation and development |
| Theme | Category | Codes (examples) |
|---|---|---|
| IE archetypes | Physical proximity | High/low level of geographical proximity |
| Proximity (other than geographical) | ||
| Hub-centered system | ||
| Defined area of action | ||
| Dispersed ecosystem | ||
| Dominant issue | One sector in focus | |
| Multiple sectors in focus | ||
| One focus/topic | ||
| Multiple focuses/topics | ||
| Synergies among issues tackled | ||
| What is created | Ouputs | Output in the economic sphere |
| Output in the environmental sphere | ||
| Output in the social sphere | ||
| Output in the innovation sphere | ||
| Prioritization among outputs is clear | ||
| The IE aims at mixing outputs | ||
| Measuring outputs: issues | ||
| Performance | Resilience of the IE | |
| Rapidity in reaching outputs | ||
| Intense outputs reached | ||
| How shared value is created | Coopetition | Good/low collaboration among actors |
| High/low competition among actors | ||
| A mix of collaboration and competition | ||
| Alignment | A common agenda is shared | |
| Common vision/mission presented | ||
| Common project roadmap | ||
| Reinforcing activities and projects | ||
| High/low external viability | ||
| Shared Measurement Systems in place | ||
| Backbone infrastructure in place | ||
| Communication networks and events | ||
| Who creates shared value | Actors’ type | Private actor(s) and its characteristics |
| Public actor(s) and its characteristics | ||
| PPPs in place | ||
| Non-profit entity | ||
| Experts and their characteristics | ||
| Orchestrators: names and characteristics- | ||
| Actors’ relationships | Strategic and competitive resources shared | |
| Not strategic resources shared | ||
| Type of resources shared (tangible/intangible) | ||
| Inside – out or outside-in relationships | ||
| Bidirectional relationships | ||
| Relationships among project members only | ||
| Governance | Top – down structure | |
| Bottom – up structure | ||
| A mix of top-down and bottom-up | ||
| A multi-levered structure | ||
| Committees and boards | ||
| Policies | Role | Key role of policies |
| Policies as enabling settings for innovation | ||
| Role of policies is secondary | ||
| Difficult synergies with private IEs | ||
| Type | Promoting the IE | |
| Promoting relations and PPPs | ||
| Incentives and funding | ||
| Remediation and development |
Source(s): Author's own creation