Table 5 Result of panel GMM estimation... | Emerald Publishing

Table 5

Result of panel GMM estimation after COVID-19

	Coeff	T-Stat	Signif
$α_{0}$	0.5251***	0.0052	0.0000
GDP(−1)	−0.3582	0.0000	0.4213
LnTO	−0.0784**	−0.0452	0.0228
LnFDI	−0.0214**	−0.498	0.0301
LnINT	0.1052***	5.1527	0.0001
LnUMP	−0.2321*	−1.9562	0.0752
LnINF	−0.0285*	−0.1485	0.0632
LnGFCF	−0.0198***	−3.4875	0.0004
LnCOV	−0.2052***	3.4251	0.0003
Constant	3.341421**	0.9587	0.0452

	Coeff	T-Stat	Signif
$α_{0}$	0.5251***	0.0052	0.0000
GDP(−1)	−0.3582	0.0000	0.4213
LnTO	−0.0784**	−0.0452	0.0228
LnFDI	−0.0214**	−0.498	0.0301
LnINT	0.1052***	5.1527	0.0001
LnUMP	−0.2321*	−1.9562	0.0752
LnINF	−0.0285*	−0.1485	0.0632
LnGFCF	−0.0198***	−3.4875	0.0004
LnCOV	−0.2052***	3.4251	0.0003
Constant	3.341421**	0.9587	0.0452

Note(s): ***, ** and * statistical significance at 1%, 5% and 10% levels, respectively

Source(s): Authors