Table IV Overview of intake different...

Table IV

Overview of intake different food groups and the food-based dietary guidelines

			Recommendations according to the Wheel of Five	Recommendations as applied in research		Cluster	Appearance and achievement	Active	Altruistic	Achievement	Less health	F-waarde
Vegetables	Total Sample		250 grams per day	5 portions per day	Mean	3.94	3.96	3.95	4.14	3.78	3.89	F=(4,454)=0.372
					SD	1.65	1.85	1.51	1.75	1.62	1.49
Fruit	Total Sample		2 portions	2 portions per day	Mean	1.76	1.70	1.84	1.77	1.47	1.92	F=(4,454)=2.105
					SD	1.04	0.97	1.01	1.10	0.88	1.17
Fish	Total Sample		100 gram per week	1 portion per week^c	Mean	1.74	1.81	1.72	2.09	1.29	1.75	F=4,454)=2.159
					SD	1.55	1.28	1.22	2.46	1.17	1.73
Legumes	Total Sample		2–3 serving spoons per week	2–3 serving spoons per week	Mean	2.90	2.97	2.64	3.09	2.86	3.03	F=(4,454)=0.298
					SD	3.13	2.72	2.97	3.25	2.78	3.87
Unprocessed meat	Total Sample		Max. 500 grams per week	Max. 5 portions per week^d	Mean	4.09	4.21^a	3.38^a	4.48^a	4.81^b	4.05^a	F=(4,454)=3.238**
					SD	2.78	2.62	2.25	3.62	2.93	2.79
Meat replacers	Total Sample		–	–	Mean	0.75	0.61^a	1.03^b	0.79^a	0.44^a	0.78^a	F=(4,454)=2.931*
					SD	1.23	1.11	1.61	1.23	0.84	1.06
Eggs	Total Sample		2–3 pieces per week	2–3 pieces per week	Mean	2.50	2.59	2.42	2.00	2.59	2.69	F=(4,454)=1.393
					SD	1.87	2.02	1.65	1.37	1.98	2.02
Unsalted nuts	Female	Total	15 grams per day	0.6 portion^d	Mean	0.51	0.60	0.53	0.56	0.27	0.45	F=(4,270)=2.024
					SD	0.60	0.71	0.60	0.62	0.42	0.45
	Male	51–69	25 grams per day	1 portion^d	Mean	0.49	0.39	0.48	0.61	0.49	0.51	F=(4.88)=0.312
					SD	0.52	0.36	0.56	0.70	0.56	0.49
		⩾70	15 grams per day	0.6 portion^d	Mean	0.42	0.42^a	0.38^a	0.28^a	0.16^a	0.75^b	F=(4,86)=2.804*
					SD	0.54	0.49	0.50	0.36	0.21	0.75
Dairy products	Female	51–69	3–4 portions per day	3–4 portions per day	Mean	1.62	1.66	1.48	1.66	1.40	1.86	F=(4,158)=0.688
					SD	1.20	1.09	0.97	1.14	0.73	1.72
		⩾70	4 portions per day	4 portions per dag	Mean	1.63	1.48	1.68	1.66	1.98	1.69	F=(4,106)=0.528
					SD	1.08	1.14	0.72	1.11	1.11	1.25
	Male	51–69	3 portions per day	3 portions per day	Mean	1.42	1.53	1.68	1.76	0.97	1.28	F=(4,88)=1.395
					SD	1.13	1.38	1.21	1.20	0.70	1.03
		⩾70	4 portions per day	4 portions per day	Mean	1.76	1.75	2.09	1.45	1.31	1.77	F=(4,86)=0.979
					SD	1.25	1.28	1.44	0.80	0.98	1.20
Cheese	Total Sample		40 gram per day	2 portions^e	Mean	0.62	0.59	0.72	0.57	0.59	0.61	F=(4,454)=0.735
					SD	0.71	0.64	0.82	0.71	0.75	0.64

			Recommendations according to the Wheel of Five	Recommendations as applied in research		Cluster	Appearance and achievement	Active	Altruistic	Achievement	Less health	F-waarde
Vegetables	Total Sample		250 grams per day	5 portions per day	Mean	3.94	3.96	3.95	4.14	3.78	3.89	F=(4,454)=0.372
					SD	1.65	1.85	1.51	1.75	1.62	1.49
Fruit	Total Sample		2 portions	2 portions per day	Mean	1.76	1.70	1.84	1.77	1.47	1.92	F=(4,454)=2.105
					SD	1.04	0.97	1.01	1.10	0.88	1.17
Fish	Total Sample		100 gram per week	1 portion per week^c	Mean	1.74	1.81	1.72	2.09	1.29	1.75	F=4,454)=2.159
					SD	1.55	1.28	1.22	2.46	1.17	1.73
Legumes	Total Sample		2–3 serving spoons per week	2–3 serving spoons per week	Mean	2.90	2.97	2.64	3.09	2.86	3.03	F=(4,454)=0.298
					SD	3.13	2.72	2.97	3.25	2.78	3.87
Unprocessed meat	Total Sample		Max. 500 grams per week	Max. 5 portions per week^d	Mean	4.09	4.21^a	3.38^a	4.48^a	4.81^b	4.05^a	F=(4,454)=3.238**
					SD	2.78	2.62	2.25	3.62	2.93	2.79
Meat replacers	Total Sample		–	–	Mean	0.75	0.61^a	1.03^b	0.79^a	0.44^a	0.78^a	F=(4,454)=2.931*
					SD	1.23	1.11	1.61	1.23	0.84	1.06
Eggs	Total Sample		2–3 pieces per week	2–3 pieces per week	Mean	2.50	2.59	2.42	2.00	2.59	2.69	F=(4,454)=1.393
					SD	1.87	2.02	1.65	1.37	1.98	2.02
Unsalted nuts	Female	Total	15 grams per day	0.6 portion^d	Mean	0.51	0.60	0.53	0.56	0.27	0.45	F=(4,270)=2.024
					SD	0.60	0.71	0.60	0.62	0.42	0.45
	Male	51–69	25 grams per day	1 portion^d	Mean	0.49	0.39	0.48	0.61	0.49	0.51	F=(4.88)=0.312
					SD	0.52	0.36	0.56	0.70	0.56	0.49
		⩾70	15 grams per day	0.6 portion^d	Mean	0.42	0.42^a	0.38^a	0.28^a	0.16^a	0.75^b	F=(4,86)=2.804*
					SD	0.54	0.49	0.50	0.36	0.21	0.75
Dairy products	Female	51–69	3–4 portions per day	3–4 portions per day	Mean	1.62	1.66	1.48	1.66	1.40	1.86	F=(4,158)=0.688
					SD	1.20	1.09	0.97	1.14	0.73	1.72
		⩾70	4 portions per day	4 portions per dag	Mean	1.63	1.48	1.68	1.66	1.98	1.69	F=(4,106)=0.528
					SD	1.08	1.14	0.72	1.11	1.11	1.25
	Male	51–69	3 portions per day	3 portions per day	Mean	1.42	1.53	1.68	1.76	0.97	1.28	F=(4,88)=1.395
					SD	1.13	1.38	1.21	1.20	0.70	1.03
		⩾70	4 portions per day	4 portions per day	Mean	1.76	1.75	2.09	1.45	1.31	1.77	F=(4,86)=0.979
					SD	1.25	1.28	1.44	0.80	0.98	1.20
Cheese	Total Sample		40 gram per day	2 portions^e	Mean	0.62	0.59	0.72	0.57	0.59	0.61	F=(4,454)=0.735
					SD	0.71	0.64	0.82	0.71	0.75	0.64

Notes: ^a,b.cPost hoc tests were performed to check which means differ significantly from each other. Different superscript letters (i.e., ^a,b) indicate that the means are statistically different (p<0.05). Not all food groups were included. Missing food groups: bread, cereals and potatoes, butter, margarine and oils and beverages. ^c1 portion is 100 grams; ^d25 grams of unsalted nuts is 1 portion; ^e40 grams of cheese = 2 portions (40 grams of cheese are 2 slices of cheese. 1 portion is 1 slice of cheese. *p<0.05; **p<0.01

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