Table 4 Themes of practical implications... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Themes of practical implications of workplace ostracism studies

Theme	Supporting references
Training and development (38)	Ma, Liu, Bao, and Gu (2022), Leung, Wu, Chen, and Young (2011), Haldorai, Kim, and Li (2022), Gürlek (2021), Hsieh and Karatepe (2019), Sharma and Dhar (2021), Zhao et al. (2013, 2016), Ferris et al. (2019), Chung and Yang (2017), Bilal, Fatima, Imran, and Iqbal (2020), Fatima, Bilal, Imran, and Sarwar (2021), Zhao and Xia (2017), Abu Bakar et al. (2018), De Clercq et al. (2019), Jiang, Jiang, Sun, and Li (2021), Al-Atwi, Cai, and Amankwah-Amoah (2020), Kanwal, Lodhi, and Kashif (2019), Chenji and Sode (2019), Anjum and Ming (2018), Jahanzeb and Fatima (2018), Wan, Chan, and Chen (2016), Yang and Treadway (2018), Wu et al. (2011), Wang, Mu, Li, Gu, and Duan (2020), Jahanzeb, Bouckenooghe, and Mushtaq (2021), Li and Tian (2016), Chung (2018), Jahanzeb, Fatima, and Malik (2018), Wu, Yim, Kwan, and Zhang (2012), Peng and Zeng (2016), Qi, Cai, Liu, and Feng (2020), Gkorezis, Panagiotou, and Theodorou (2016), Cullen, Fan, and Liu (2014), Erkutlu and Chafra (2016), Zhang (2019), Hu, Chen, and Ye (2021), Zhang and Shi (2017)
Culture (19)	Ma et al. (2022), Hsieh and Karatepe (2019), Karim, Abdul Majid, Omar, and Aburumman, 2021, Zhao et al. (2013), Takhsha, Barahimi, Adelpanah, and Salehzadeh (2020), Chung and Yang (2017), Choi (2020), Xu, Kwan, and Li (2020), Bilal, Fatima, and Imran (2019), Choi (2019), Hu et al. (2021), Wang, Chen, Qian, Teng, and Zhang (2021), Wu et al. (2011), Li and Tian (2016), Eickholt and Goodboy (2017), Liu et al. (2013), Wu et al. (2012), Gkorezis et al. (2016), Xia, Wang, Song, Zhang, and Qian (2019)
Formal and informal meetings (15)	Leung et al. (2011), Singh and Srivastava (2021), Takhsha et al. (2020), Bilal et al. (2020), Erkutlu and Chafra (2016), Xu et al. (2020), Zhang and Shi (2017), Bilal et al. (2019), Haldorai et al. (2020), Jahanzeb and Fatima (2018), Wang et al. (2021), Chen, Poon, DeWall, and Jiang (2020), Sharma and Dhar (2021), Chung and Kim (2017), Fiset and Boies (2018)
Recruitment and Selection (14)	Haldorai et al. (2022), Ali, Usman, Pham, Agyemang-Mintah and Akhtar (2020), Sharma and Dhar (2021), Singh and Srivastava (2021), Zhao et al. (2013), Balliet and Ferris (2013), Zhao et al. (2016), Zhang and Shi (2017), Hu et al. (2021), Qian, Yang, Wang, Huang, and Song (2019), Liu et al. (2013), Qi et al. (2020), Gkorezis et al. (2016), Chen et al. (2020)
Interpersonal relationship (13)	Chung and Yang (2017), Fatima et al. (2021), Jiang et al. (2021), Chenji and Sode (2019), Yang and Treadway (2018), Mao, He and Yang (2021), Jahanzeb et al. (2021), Chung (2018), Zhang, Yang, Kwan, and Wu (2022), Chen et al. (2020), Chung and Kim (2017), Zhu, Lyu, Deng, and Ye (2017), Lyu and Zhu (2019)
Task interdependence (10)	Haldorai et al. (2022), Han and Hwang (2021), Zhu et al. (2017), Bilal et al. (2020), Xu et al. (2020), Zhang and Shi (2017), Haldorai et al. (2020), Jahanzeb and Fatima (2018), Lyu and Zhu (2019), Chen et al. (2020)
Monitoring (9)	Zhao and Xia (2017), De Clercq et al. (2019), Haldorai et al. (2020), Wu, Qu et al. (2018), Wu et al. (2018), Lyu and Zhu (2019), Wang et al. (2020), Li and Tian (2016), Xia et al. (2019)
Trust and transparency (7)	Al-Atwi (2017), Chung (2015), Zhao and Xia (2017), Wu, Qu et al. (2018), Wu, Wang et al. (2018), Zhang (2019), Qi et al. (2020)
Proper channel (5)	Koay (2018), Al-Atwi et al. (2020), Yang and Wei (2018), Lyu and Zhu (2019), Chang et al. (2021)
Job autonomy (4)	Al-Atwi (2017), Qian et al. (2019), Jahanzeb et al. (2018), Sharma and Dhar (2021)
Individual characteristics (4)	Liu, Liu, Zhang, and Ma (2019), Zhu et al. (2017), Ferris et al. (2019), Wu et al. (2012)

Theme	Supporting references
Training and development (38)	Ma, Liu, Bao, and Gu (2022), Leung, Wu, Chen, and Young (2011), Haldorai, Kim, and Li (2022), Gürlek (2021), Hsieh and Karatepe (2019), Sharma and Dhar (2021), Zhao et al. (2013, 2016), Ferris et al. (2019), Chung and Yang (2017), Bilal, Fatima, Imran, and Iqbal (2020), Fatima, Bilal, Imran, and Sarwar (2021), Zhao and Xia (2017), Abu Bakar et al. (2018), De Clercq et al. (2019), Jiang, Jiang, Sun, and Li (2021), Al-Atwi, Cai, and Amankwah-Amoah (2020), Kanwal, Lodhi, and Kashif (2019), Chenji and Sode (2019), Anjum and Ming (2018), Jahanzeb and Fatima (2018), Wan, Chan, and Chen (2016), Yang and Treadway (2018), Wu et al. (2011), Wang, Mu, Li, Gu, and Duan (2020), Jahanzeb, Bouckenooghe, and Mushtaq (2021), Li and Tian (2016), Chung (2018), Jahanzeb, Fatima, and Malik (2018), Wu, Yim, Kwan, and Zhang (2012), Peng and Zeng (2016), Qi, Cai, Liu, and Feng (2020), Gkorezis, Panagiotou, and Theodorou (2016), Cullen, Fan, and Liu (2014), Erkutlu and Chafra (2016), Zhang (2019), Hu, Chen, and Ye (2021), Zhang and Shi (2017)
Culture (19)	Ma et al. (2022), Hsieh and Karatepe (2019), Karim, Abdul Majid, Omar, and Aburumman, 2021, Zhao et al. (2013), Takhsha, Barahimi, Adelpanah, and Salehzadeh (2020), Chung and Yang (2017), Choi (2020), Xu, Kwan, and Li (2020), Bilal, Fatima, and Imran (2019), Choi (2019), Hu et al. (2021), Wang, Chen, Qian, Teng, and Zhang (2021), Wu et al. (2011), Li and Tian (2016), Eickholt and Goodboy (2017), Liu et al. (2013), Wu et al. (2012), Gkorezis et al. (2016), Xia, Wang, Song, Zhang, and Qian (2019)
Formal and informal meetings (15)	Leung et al. (2011), Singh and Srivastava (2021), Takhsha et al. (2020), Bilal et al. (2020), Erkutlu and Chafra (2016), Xu et al. (2020), Zhang and Shi (2017), Bilal et al. (2019), Haldorai et al. (2020), Jahanzeb and Fatima (2018), Wang et al. (2021), Chen, Poon, DeWall, and Jiang (2020), Sharma and Dhar (2021), Chung and Kim (2017), Fiset and Boies (2018)
Recruitment and Selection (14)	Haldorai et al. (2022), Ali, Usman, Pham, Agyemang-Mintah and Akhtar (2020), Sharma and Dhar (2021), Singh and Srivastava (2021), Zhao et al. (2013), Balliet and Ferris (2013), Zhao et al. (2016), Zhang and Shi (2017), Hu et al. (2021), Qian, Yang, Wang, Huang, and Song (2019), Liu et al. (2013), Qi et al. (2020), Gkorezis et al. (2016), Chen et al. (2020)
Interpersonal relationship (13)	Chung and Yang (2017), Fatima et al. (2021), Jiang et al. (2021), Chenji and Sode (2019), Yang and Treadway (2018), Mao, He and Yang (2021), Jahanzeb et al. (2021), Chung (2018), Zhang, Yang, Kwan, and Wu (2022), Chen et al. (2020), Chung and Kim (2017), Zhu, Lyu, Deng, and Ye (2017), Lyu and Zhu (2019)
Task interdependence (10)	Haldorai et al. (2022), Han and Hwang (2021), Zhu et al. (2017), Bilal et al. (2020), Xu et al. (2020), Zhang and Shi (2017), Haldorai et al. (2020), Jahanzeb and Fatima (2018), Lyu and Zhu (2019), Chen et al. (2020)
Monitoring (9)	Zhao and Xia (2017), De Clercq et al. (2019), Haldorai et al. (2020), Wu, Qu et al. (2018), Wu et al. (2018), Lyu and Zhu (2019), Wang et al. (2020), Li and Tian (2016), Xia et al. (2019)
Trust and transparency (7)	Al-Atwi (2017), Chung (2015), Zhao and Xia (2017), Wu, Qu et al. (2018), Wu, Wang et al. (2018), Zhang (2019), Qi et al. (2020)
Proper channel (5)	Koay (2018), Al-Atwi et al. (2020), Yang and Wei (2018), Lyu and Zhu (2019), Chang et al. (2021)
Job autonomy (4)	Al-Atwi (2017), Qian et al. (2019), Jahanzeb et al. (2018), Sharma and Dhar (2021)
Individual characteristics (4)	Liu, Liu, Zhang, and Ma (2019), Zhu et al. (2017), Ferris et al. (2019), Wu et al. (2012)

Source(s): Summarized by authors