Multivariable association (OR, 95%CI) of socio-demographic characteristics with frequent consumption of indicator foods
| Frequent consumption (⩾3 times/week) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic characteristics | Instant food | Soft drink | Sweet drink | Milk |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Female | 0.68 (0.63-0.74)*** | 0.62 (0.59-0.66)*** | 0.79 (0.76-0.83)*** | 1.67 (1.60-1.74)*** |
| Age group (years) | ||||
| 23-34 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 35-49 | 0.63 (0.58-0.68)*** | 0.55 (0.51-0.58)*** | 0.83 (0.79-0.87)*** | 0.75 (0.72-0.79)*** |
| ⩾50 | 0.29 (0.24-0.34)*** | 0.28 (0.25-0.31)*** | 0.52 (0.49-0.56)*** | 0.72 (0.67-0.77)*** |
| Location | ||||
| Rural | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Urban | 1.11 (1.02-1.21)* | 1.27 (1.20-1.36)*** | 1.19 (1.13-1.24)*** | 1.00 (0.96-1.05) |
| Region | ||||
| Central-East | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Bangkok | 0.98 (0.86-1.11) | 1.00 (0.92-1.09) | 1.15 (1.08-1.22)*** | 0.99 (0.93-1.06) |
| North | 1.17 (1.05-1.30)** | 0.45 (0.41-0.49)*** | 0.82 (0.77-0.87)*** | 1.09 (1.03-1.15)** |
| Northeast | 1.21 (1.09-1.35)*** | 0.82 (0.76-0.89)*** | 0.87 (0.82-0.92)*** | 1.05 (0.99-1.11) |
| South | 0.77 (0.66-0.90)** | 0.30 (0.26-0.34)*** | 0.79 (0.73-0.85)*** | 0.94 (0.88-1.01) |
| Religion | ||||
| Buddhist | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Muslim | 1.33 (1.07-1.64)** | 0.82 (0.67-1.00) | 1.07 (0.95-1.20) | 1.17 (1.04-1.32)** |
| Christian | 1.26 (0.97-1.66) | 1.03 (0.83-1.28) | 0.92 (0.79-1.08) | 0.85 (0.73-0.99)* |
| Other/no religion | 2.79 (1.50-5.20)*** | 2.23 (1.31-3.80)*** | 1.35 (0.84-2.19) | 1.07 (0.66-1.73) |
| Household size (people) | ||||
| 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2-4 | 0.76 (0.66-0.89)** | 1.06 (0.94-1.20) | 0.92 (0.85-1.00) | 0.94 (0.87-1.03) |
| 5-15 | 0.81 (0.69-0.95)** | 1.21 (1.07-1.38)** | 0.97 (0.89-1.06) | 0.91 (0.83-1.00)* |
| Education | ||||
| Non university | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| University | 0.78 (0.71-0.85)*** | 0.83 (0.77-0.89)*** | 0.95 (0.90-1.00) | 0.99 (0.94-1.05) |
| Occupation | ||||
| Worker | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Manager | 0.86 (0.74-1.00)* | 1.12 (1.01-1.25)* | 1.00 (0.93-1.08) | 0.93 (0.87-1.01) |
| Professional | 0.87 (0.77-0.99)* | 0.95 (0.86-1.04) | 0.90 (0.84-0.96)** | 0.91 (0.85-0.97)** |
| Office assistant | 0.94 (0.84-1.05) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 0.93 (0.88-0.99)* | 0.86 (0.81-0.92)*** |
| Not working/retired | 0.85 (0.71-1.01) | 0.90 (0.78-1.03) | 0.77 (0.70-0.85)*** | 1.05 (0.95-1.15) |
| Unidentified | 0.77 (0.60-0.99)* | 0.97 (0.82-1.16) | 0.86 (0.76-0.97)* | 0.92 (0.81-1.04) |
| Monthly income (baht) | ||||
| <10,000 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 10,001-20,000 | 0.88 (0.79-0.97)* | 0.99 (0.92-1.08) | 1.09 (1.02-1.15)** | 1.04 (0.98-1.10) |
| 20,001-30,000 | 0.64 (0.56-0.73)*** | 0.88 (0.80-0.97)* | 1.08 (1.01-1.16)* | 0.96 (0.90-1.03) |
| >30,000 | 0.44 (0.37-0.52)*** | 0.82 (0.74-0.92)** | 0.99 (0.92-1.07) | 0.98 (0.91-1.06) |
| Frequent consumption (⩾3 times/week) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic characteristics | Instant food | Soft drink | Sweet drink | Milk |
| Male | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Female | 0.68 (0.63-0.74)*** | 0.62 (0.59-0.66)*** | 0.79 (0.76-0.83)*** | 1.67 (1.60-1.74)*** |
| 23-34 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 35-49 | 0.63 (0.58-0.68)*** | 0.55 (0.51-0.58)*** | 0.83 (0.79-0.87)*** | 0.75 (0.72-0.79)*** |
| ⩾50 | 0.29 (0.24-0.34)*** | 0.28 (0.25-0.31)*** | 0.52 (0.49-0.56)*** | 0.72 (0.67-0.77)*** |
| Rural | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Urban | 1.11 (1.02-1.21)* | 1.27 (1.20-1.36)*** | 1.19 (1.13-1.24)*** | 1.00 (0.96-1.05) |
| Central-East | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Bangkok | 0.98 (0.86-1.11) | 1.00 (0.92-1.09) | 1.15 (1.08-1.22)*** | 0.99 (0.93-1.06) |
| North | 1.17 (1.05-1.30)** | 0.45 (0.41-0.49)*** | 0.82 (0.77-0.87)*** | 1.09 (1.03-1.15)** |
| Northeast | 1.21 (1.09-1.35)*** | 0.82 (0.76-0.89)*** | 0.87 (0.82-0.92)*** | 1.05 (0.99-1.11) |
| South | 0.77 (0.66-0.90)** | 0.30 (0.26-0.34)*** | 0.79 (0.73-0.85)*** | 0.94 (0.88-1.01) |
| Buddhist | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Muslim | 1.33 (1.07-1.64)** | 0.82 (0.67-1.00) | 1.07 (0.95-1.20) | 1.17 (1.04-1.32)** |
| Christian | 1.26 (0.97-1.66) | 1.03 (0.83-1.28) | 0.92 (0.79-1.08) | 0.85 (0.73-0.99)* |
| Other/no religion | 2.79 (1.50-5.20)*** | 2.23 (1.31-3.80)*** | 1.35 (0.84-2.19) | 1.07 (0.66-1.73) |
| 1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 2-4 | 0.76 (0.66-0.89)** | 1.06 (0.94-1.20) | 0.92 (0.85-1.00) | 0.94 (0.87-1.03) |
| 5-15 | 0.81 (0.69-0.95)** | 1.21 (1.07-1.38)** | 0.97 (0.89-1.06) | 0.91 (0.83-1.00)* |
| Non university | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| University | 0.78 (0.71-0.85)*** | 0.83 (0.77-0.89)*** | 0.95 (0.90-1.00) | 0.99 (0.94-1.05) |
| Worker | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Manager | 0.86 (0.74-1.00)* | 1.12 (1.01-1.25)* | 1.00 (0.93-1.08) | 0.93 (0.87-1.01) |
| Professional | 0.87 (0.77-0.99)* | 0.95 (0.86-1.04) | 0.90 (0.84-0.96)** | 0.91 (0.85-0.97)** |
| Office assistant | 0.94 (0.84-1.05) | 1.01 (0.93-1.10) | 0.93 (0.88-0.99)* | 0.86 (0.81-0.92)*** |
| Not working/retired | 0.85 (0.71-1.01) | 0.90 (0.78-1.03) | 0.77 (0.70-0.85)*** | 1.05 (0.95-1.15) |
| Unidentified | 0.77 (0.60-0.99)* | 0.97 (0.82-1.16) | 0.86 (0.76-0.97)* | 0.92 (0.81-1.04) |
| <10,000 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 10,001-20,000 | 0.88 (0.79-0.97)* | 0.99 (0.92-1.08) | 1.09 (1.02-1.15)** | 1.04 (0.98-1.10) |
| 20,001-30,000 | 0.64 (0.56-0.73)*** | 0.88 (0.80-0.97)* | 1.08 (1.01-1.16)* | 0.96 (0.90-1.03) |
| >30,000 | 0.44 (0.37-0.52)*** | 0.82 (0.74-0.92)** | 0.99 (0.92-1.07) | 0.98 (0.91-1.06) |
Notes: n=42,750. Models are adjusted for all socio-demographic characteristics; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
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