Table 1.

A literature review on CSR and brand performance by year

CitationData sourceTheoretical frameworkEstimationRelevant findings in our context
Guzmán and Davis (2017) Surveys of 370 undergraduate students (primary data)Not explicitly mentionedStructural equation modeling (SEM)Two types of brand–cause fit (value and function) have differential effects on attitude toward the brand and ad, which in turn influence brand equity
Sierra et al. (2017) Surveys (primary data)Various related to business ethicsStructural equation modeling (SEM)CSR impacts brand equity through higher perceived ethical image of the firm
Cha et al. (2016) Surveys (primary data)Self-expansion theoryStructural equation modeling (SEM)CSR brand fit increases service brand loyalty
Tingchi Liu et al. (2014) Surveys (primary data)Not explicitly mentionedRegressionCustomers’ brand preference via perceived brand quality in Chinese hotels can be enhanced by CSR performance
Hur et al. (2014) Surveys (primary data)Resource-based view (RBV)Structural equation modeling (SEM)CSR impacts brand equity and the effect is mediated by brand credibility and corporate reputation
Torres et al. (2012) SGP database; InterbrandStakeholder theory (implied)Partial adjustment modelCSR increases global brand equity
Bigné et al. (2012) Surveys (primary data)Pyramid conception of CSRStructural equation modeling (SEM)CSR – brand fit influences brand CSR perception
Lindgreen et al. (2012) Multiple case-based approach from five firmsBrand leadership frameworkQualitativeFirms link CSR to their brand building both directly and indirectly
Lai et al. (2010) Surveys (primary data)Stakeholder theoryStructural equation modeling (SEM)CSR impacts brand performance and the effect is mediated by industrial brand equity and corporate reputation
Melo and Galan (2011) Panel dataInstrumental stakeholder theoryPanel data regressionCSR positively impacts brand value and has a long-term impact on corporate performance
Berens et al. (2005) Surveys (primary data)Accessibility–diagnosticity frameworkHierarchical regressionsCSR partially mediates the effect of corporate brand knowledge on product attitudes
Werther and Chandler (2005) ConceptualInstitutional theory and stakeholder theoryConceptual articleCSR offers corporate brand insurance against management lapses
Klein and Dawar (2004) ExperimentalAttribution theoryANOVACSR increases firm performance through improved consumer brand evaluations and protects a firm from negative impact of product harm crises
Sen and Bhattacharya (2001) ExperimentalCongruence theoryANOVAA company’s CSR initiatives will enhance consumers’ evaluations of that company

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