Table 3. Correlations and descriptive... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3.

Correlations and descriptive statistics

Variable	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Brand value	5.33	5.01	1
CSR	0.25	0.21	0.419	1
R&D expenditure	1,543.46	2,348.55	0.194	0.231	1
Advertising expenditure	1,031.57	1,323.15	0.332	0.255	0.495	1
Financial leverage	0.25	0.38	−0.003	−0.147	−0.071	−0.125	1
Current ratio	1.63	0.89	−0.051	−0.028	0.170	−0.088	−0.186	1
Firm size	9.78	2.08	0.077	0.407	0.425	0.506	−0.277	−0.128	1
CSP history	15.60	5.12	0.400	0.327	0.032	0.156	−0.090	−0.130	0.110	1
Recessionary env.	0.42	0.81	0.034	−0.040	−0.017	−0.020	0.013	−0.057	−0.058	0.008	1
Brand quality	0.42	0.81	0.951	0.306	0.196	0.388	−0.064	−0.024	0.187	0.467	0.087	1
Brand diff.	0.42	0.81	0.500	0.254	0.072	0.198	0.109	−0.114	−0.230	0.090	−0.048	0.353

Variable	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Brand value	5.33	5.01	1
CSR	0.25	0.21	0.419	1
R&D expenditure	1,543.46	2,348.55	0.194	0.231	1
Advertising expenditure	1,031.57	1,323.15	0.332	0.255	0.495	1
Financial leverage	0.25	0.38	−0.003	−0.147	−0.071	−0.125	1
Current ratio	1.63	0.89	−0.051	−0.028	0.170	−0.088	−0.186	1
Firm size	9.78	2.08	0.077	0.407	0.425	0.506	−0.277	−0.128	1
CSP history	15.60	5.12	0.400	0.327	0.032	0.156	−0.090	−0.130	0.110	1
Recessionary env.	0.42	0.81	0.034	−0.040	−0.017	−0.020	0.013	−0.057	−0.058	0.008	1
Brand quality	0.42	0.81	0.951	0.306	0.196	0.388	−0.064	−0.024	0.187	0.467	0.087	1
Brand diff.	0.42	0.81	0.500	0.254	0.072	0.198	0.109	−0.114	−0.230	0.090	−0.048	0.353

Note:

Correlation provided in italics is significant at the 0.05 level (two-tailed)