Table 1 The list of several nursing...

Table 1

The list of several nursing areas with safety issues, the healthcare setting they were observed and the relevant nursing interventions to augment patient safety

Nursing areas with safety issues	Settings	Nursing intervention	Statistically significant intervention
Acute asthma events	Outpatient healthcare setting	Patient-centred home management plan for asthma care	No
Adherence with outpatient follow-up appointments	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	No
Agitation	Patients with dementia/long term facilities, older people	Person-centred care and activities for dementia patients, Dementia care mapping	Yes
Hospitalisation	Outpatient healthcare settings	Patient education, digital and technology patient support	Yes
Emergency Room (ER) visits	Outpatient healthcare settings	Patient education, digital and technology patient support	Yes
Falls, fall related injuries	Long-term and acute care facilities	Person-centred care and activities, interventions	Yes
Infection rate	Long term aged care facilities	Person-centred care approaches	No
Infection (hospital- acquired) + clinical deterioration (combined)	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	No
Medications – reduced use or dose of benzodiazepine (BZD) or z-drugs	Long-term and acute care facilities	Patient-centred interventions, information, communication, clinicians' characteristics	Yes
Medications – discontinuation of rates of Benzodiazepine (BZD) or z-drugs use	Long-term and acute care facilities	Patient-centred interventions, information, communication, clinicians' characteristics	Yes
Medications – appropriate prescribing of benzodiazepine (BZD) or z-drugs	Long-term and acute care facilities	Patient-centred interventions, information, communication, clinicians' characteristics	Yes
Medications – reductions in anti-psychotic medications	Long term aged care facilities	Patients with dementia/long term facilities, older people, person-centred activities for dementia patients	Yes
Medication errors	Acute care	Patient-centred interventions	No
Mortality (unadjusted)	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	Yes
Mortality (all cause)	All settings	Patient-centred integrated care, digital patient support, communication	Yes
Mortality (cardiac and cardiovascular)	All settings	Patient-centred integrated care	No
Neuro- psychiatric symptoms (NPS)	Long term care facilities	Multi-modal patient-centred care approaches at organisation level	No
Pressure ulcers	Acute care	Person-centred care	No
Readmission with heart failure within 12/12	Hospital setting	Person-centred care and education on self-care, activity and nutrition	Yes
Readmission	Psychiatric inpatient facilities	Specified intervention	Yes
Unscheduled primary care visits	Outpatient healthcare settings	Patient-centred technology for asthma care	No
Ventilator- assisted pneumonia	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	Yes

Nursing areas with safety issues	Settings	Nursing intervention	Statistically significant intervention
Acute asthma events	Outpatient healthcare setting	Patient-centred home managementplan for asthmacare	No
Adherence with outpatient follow-up appointments	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	No
Agitation	Patients with dementia/long term facilities, older people	Person-centred care and activities for dementia patients, Dementia care mapping	Yes
Hospitalisation	Outpatient healthcare settings	Patient education, digital and technology patient support	Yes
Emergency Room (ER) visits	Outpatient healthcare settings	Patient education, digital and technology patient support	Yes
Falls, fall related injuries	Long-term and acute care facilities	Person-centred care and activities, interventions	Yes
Infection rate	Long term aged care facilities	Person-centred care approaches	No
Infection (hospital- acquired) + clinical deterioration (combined)	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	No
Medications – reduced use or dose of benzodiazepine (BZD) or z-drugs	Long-term and acute care facilities	Patient-centred interventions, information, communication, clinicians' characteristics	Yes
Medications – discontinuation of rates of Benzodiazepine (BZD) or z-drugs use	Long-term and acute care facilities	Patient-centred interventions, information, communication, clinicians' characteristics	Yes
Medications – appropriate prescribing of benzodiazepine (BZD) or z-drugs	Long-term and acute care facilities	Patient-centred interventions, information, communication, clinicians' characteristics	Yes
Medications – reductions in anti-psychotic medications	Long term aged care facilities	Patients with dementia/long term facilities, older people, person-centred activities for dementia patients	Yes
Medication errors	Acute care	Patient-centred interventions	No
Mortality (unadjusted)	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	Yes
Mortality (all cause)	All settings	Patient-centred integrated care, digital patient support, communication	Yes
Mortality (cardiac and cardiovascular)	All settings	Patient-centred integrated care	No
Neuro- psychiatric symptoms (NPS)	Long term care facilities	Multi-modal patient-centred care approaches at organisation level	No
Pressure ulcers	Acute care	Person-centred care	No
Readmission with heart failure within 12/12	Hospital setting	Person-centred care and education on self-care, activity and nutrition	Yes
Readmission	Psychiatric inpatient facilities	Specified intervention	Yes
Unscheduled primary care visits	Outpatient healthcare settings	Patient-centred technology for asthmacare	No
Ventilator- assisted pneumonia	Hospital setting for adults and children	Patient-centred bedside rounds	Yes

Source(s): Rossiter et al. (2020)

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