Table 1

Description of actors

Actor nameType of actorType of activities
Business model lab (including student ventures)AcademiaTest bed to create new business models for commercialization. Consists of different student ventures. Resident at the university in municipality delta
Research groupAcademiaResearching the changing electric utility industry and the development of new business models. Resident at the university in municipality delta
TTOAcademiaUtilize and commercialize ideas and innovations derived from research and education at the university. Resident at the university in municipality delta
Northland energyIndustryNational electric utility and electricity trader. Resident in municipality Alfa in the middle part of Sweden with an office in municipality delta
Municipal powerIndustryLocal electric utility specialized in providing electricity and district heating. Resident in municipality beta in the middle part of Sweden. Operates solely at a local market in municipality beta with very loyal customers
City utilitiesIndustryLocal multi-utility of heat, electricity, water and sewer services and broadband infrastructure. Resident in municipality gamma in the middle part of Sweden. Operates solely at a local market in municipality gamma with very loyal customers
Sustainable developmentIndustryDevelopment company with the aim of being a catalyst for sustainable development in municipality delta through collaborations with other actors in the region (i.e., actors in municipality beta and gamma)

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