The results of the regression analysis for the collaboration level
| Model1: Base model | Model 2: H2: Collaboration | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef | Std. Err | P > z | Coef | Std. Err | P > z | |
| AdoptedRL17 | 0.436 | 0.189 | 0.021 | |||
| newemployee_knowl | 0.4154 | 0.0989 | 0.000 | 0.410 | 0.099 | 0.000 |
| new_tech_acq | 0.5045 | 0.1084 | 0.000 | 0.514 | 0.108 | 0.000 |
| cost_employ_train17 | 15.1095 | 2.6465 | 0.000 | 14.905 | 2.637 | 0.000 |
| graduate_employee17 | ||||||
| 0 < × < 5 | 0.7133 | 0.1995 | 0.000 | 0.705 | 0.199 | 0.000 |
| 5 ≤ × < 10 | 0.5278 | 0.1913 | 0.006 | 0.516 | 0.191 | 0.007 |
| 10 ≤ × < 15 | 0.6626 | 0.1908 | 0.001 | 0.627 | 0.191 | 0.001 |
| 15 ≤ × < 20 | 0.8876 | 0.2124 | 0.000 | 0.863 | 0.212 | 0.000 |
| 20 ≤ × < 30 | 0.7498 | 0.1981 | 0.000 | 0.753 | 0.198 | 0.000 |
| 30 ≤ × < 50 | 0.6810 | 0.1947 | 0.000 | 0.649 | 0.195 | 0.001 |
| 50 ≤ × < 75 | 0.8769 | 0.2092 | 0.000 | 0.856 | 0.209 | 0.000 |
| 75 ≤ ×<=100 | 1.1072 | 0.2239 | 0.000 | 1.091 | 0.224 | 0.000 |
| sector | 0.705 | 0.199 | 0.000 | |||
| Food/Tobacco | −0.1923 | 0.3431 | 0.575 | −0.2439 | 0.3434 | 0.478 |
| Textiles | 0.5158 | 0.3102 | 0.096 | 0.5300 | 0.3094 | 0.087 |
| Wood/Paper | 0.1236 | 0.3585 | 0.730 | 0.1485 | 0.3579 | 0.678 |
| Chemical | 0.7921 | 0.3096 | 0.011 | 0.7738 | 0.3088 | 0.012 |
| Plastics | 0.4342 | 0.3311 | 0.190 | 0.4072 | 0.3313 | 0.219 |
| Glass/Ceramics | 0.5411 | 0.3657 | 0.139 | 0.5063 | 0.3666 | 0.167 |
| Metals | 0.4172 | 0.2789 | 0.135 | 0.4194 | 0.2784 | 0.132 |
| Electrical equipment | 0.4129 | 0.2817 | 0.143 | 0.3909 | 1.3900 | 0.165 |
| Machinery | 0.6945 | 0.3138 | 0.027 | 0.7127 | 0.3131 | 0.023 |
| Retail/Automobile | 0.5486 | 0.3623 | 0.130 | 0.5148 | 0.3619 | 0.155 |
| Furniture/Toys/Medical tech. | 0.4623 | 0.2906 | 0.112 | 0.4404 | 0.2898 | 0.129 |
| Energy/Water | −0.1791 | 0.2953 | 0.544 | −0.1479 | 0.2948 | 0.616 |
| Wholesale | 0.0510 | 0.3249 | 0.875 | 0.0294 | 0.3249 | 0.928 |
| Transport equipment/Postal. | −0.2496 | 0.3108 | 0.422 | −0.2273 | −0.7300 | 0.464 |
| Media services | 0.5580 | 0.2962 | 0.060 | 0.5722 | 1.9400 | 0.053 |
| IT/Telecommunications | 0.4912 | 0.3140 | 0.118 | 0.5147 | 0.3135 | 0.101 |
| Banking/Insurance | 0.4703 | 0.3237 | 0.146 | 0.4994 | 0.3231 | 0.122 |
| Technical services/R&D serv. | 0.5916 | 0.2880 | 0.040 | 0.6196 | 2.1600 | 0.031 |
| Consulting/Advertisement | 0.6319 | 0.2897 | 0.029 | 0.6670 | 0.2894 | 0.021 |
| Firm-related services | 0.3549 | 1.130 | 0.257 | 0.3523 | 1.1300 | 0.260 |
| firm_size | ||||||
| 50–249 employees | 0.4057 | 0.1085 | 0.000 | 0.3996 | 3.6900 | 0.000 |
| >=250 employees | 0.3921 | 0.1783 | 0.028 | 0.3814 | 2.1500 | 0.032 |
| export_perc | 0.7455 | 0.1958 | 0.000 | 0.7557 | 0.1953 | 0.000 |
| public_funding | 0.7378 | 0.0996 | 0.000 | 0.7326 | 0.0995 | 0.000 |
| sales | 0.0021 | 0.0007 | 0.006 | 0.0021 | 0.0008 | 0.005 |
| _cons | −1.6438 | 0.2658 | 0.000 | −1.6531 | 0.2655 | 0.000 |
| Model1: Base model | Model 2: | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef | Std. Err | Coef | Std. Err | |||
| AdoptedRL17 | 0.436 | 0.189 | 0.021 | |||
| newemployee_knowl | 0.4154 | 0.0989 | 0.000 | 0.410 | 0.099 | 0.000 |
| new_tech_acq | 0.5045 | 0.1084 | 0.000 | 0.514 | 0.108 | 0.000 |
| cost_employ_train17 | 15.1095 | 2.6465 | 0.000 | 14.905 | 2.637 | 0.000 |
| graduate_employee17 | ||||||
| 0 < × < 5 | 0.7133 | 0.1995 | 0.000 | 0.705 | 0.199 | 0.000 |
| 5 ≤ × < 10 | 0.5278 | 0.1913 | 0.006 | 0.516 | 0.191 | 0.007 |
| 10 ≤ × < 15 | 0.6626 | 0.1908 | 0.001 | 0.627 | 0.191 | 0.001 |
| 15 ≤ × < 20 | 0.8876 | 0.2124 | 0.000 | 0.863 | 0.212 | 0.000 |
| 20 ≤ × < 30 | 0.7498 | 0.1981 | 0.000 | 0.753 | 0.198 | 0.000 |
| 30 ≤ × < 50 | 0.6810 | 0.1947 | 0.000 | 0.649 | 0.195 | 0.001 |
| 50 ≤ × < 75 | 0.8769 | 0.2092 | 0.000 | 0.856 | 0.209 | 0.000 |
| 75 ≤ ×<=100 | 1.1072 | 0.2239 | 0.000 | 1.091 | 0.224 | 0.000 |
| sector | 0.705 | 0.199 | 0.000 | |||
| Food/Tobacco | −0.1923 | 0.3431 | 0.575 | −0.2439 | 0.3434 | 0.478 |
| Textiles | 0.5158 | 0.3102 | 0.096 | 0.5300 | 0.3094 | 0.087 |
| Wood/Paper | 0.1236 | 0.3585 | 0.730 | 0.1485 | 0.3579 | 0.678 |
| Chemical | 0.7921 | 0.3096 | 0.011 | 0.7738 | 0.3088 | 0.012 |
| Plastics | 0.4342 | 0.3311 | 0.190 | 0.4072 | 0.3313 | 0.219 |
| Glass/Ceramics | 0.5411 | 0.3657 | 0.139 | 0.5063 | 0.3666 | 0.167 |
| Metals | 0.4172 | 0.2789 | 0.135 | 0.4194 | 0.2784 | 0.132 |
| Electrical equipment | 0.4129 | 0.2817 | 0.143 | 0.3909 | 1.3900 | 0.165 |
| Machinery | 0.6945 | 0.3138 | 0.027 | 0.7127 | 0.3131 | 0.023 |
| Retail/Automobile | 0.5486 | 0.3623 | 0.130 | 0.5148 | 0.3619 | 0.155 |
| Furniture/Toys/Medical tech. | 0.4623 | 0.2906 | 0.112 | 0.4404 | 0.2898 | 0.129 |
| Energy/Water | −0.1791 | 0.2953 | 0.544 | −0.1479 | 0.2948 | 0.616 |
| Wholesale | 0.0510 | 0.3249 | 0.875 | 0.0294 | 0.3249 | 0.928 |
| Transport equipment/Postal. | −0.2496 | 0.3108 | 0.422 | −0.2273 | −0.7300 | 0.464 |
| Media services | 0.5580 | 0.2962 | 0.060 | 0.5722 | 1.9400 | 0.053 |
| IT/Telecommunications | 0.4912 | 0.3140 | 0.118 | 0.5147 | 0.3135 | 0.101 |
| Banking/Insurance | 0.4703 | 0.3237 | 0.146 | 0.4994 | 0.3231 | 0.122 |
| Technical services/R&D serv. | 0.5916 | 0.2880 | 0.040 | 0.6196 | 2.1600 | 0.031 |
| Consulting/Advertisement | 0.6319 | 0.2897 | 0.029 | 0.6670 | 0.2894 | 0.021 |
| Firm-related services | 0.3549 | 1.130 | 0.257 | 0.3523 | 1.1300 | 0.260 |
| firm_size | ||||||
| 50–249 employees | 0.4057 | 0.1085 | 0.000 | 0.3996 | 3.6900 | 0.000 |
| >=250 employees | 0.3921 | 0.1783 | 0.028 | 0.3814 | 2.1500 | 0.032 |
| export_perc | 0.7455 | 0.1958 | 0.000 | 0.7557 | 0.1953 | 0.000 |
| public_funding | 0.7378 | 0.0996 | 0.000 | 0.7326 | 0.0995 | 0.000 |
| sales | 0.0021 | 0.0007 | 0.006 | 0.0021 | 0.0008 | 0.005 |
| _cons | −1.6438 | 0.2658 | 0.000 | −1.6531 | 0.2655 | 0.000 |
Source(s): Table by authors