Table 2 Unit root test of data and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Unit root test of data and descriptive statistics

Variable	Mean	S.D	ADF test	PP test	LLC test	IPS test
LnEMP	7.563	0.812	115.130***	491.640***	−3.847***	−1.385*
LnFER	2.893	0.9	165.186***	296.746***	−3.111***	−5.838***
LnIER	7.044	1.123	191.766***	92.200**	−4.164***	−6.510***
LnTI	9.104	1.585	112.266***	288.790***	−3.397***	−2.626***
LnFDI	9.784	0.736	251.516***	151.470***	−3.305***	−5.106***
LnWAGE	−1.634	0.985	377.135***	78.404*	−8.711***	−1.565**
LnGDP	9.075	1.019	271.429***	301.084***	−11.224***	−2.734***
LnOPEN	10.1	0.379	194.214***	264.494***	−30.300***	−4.005***
LnML	9.635	1.616	164.716***	87.020**	−4.365***	−1.457*
LnLABOR	1.785	0.299	223.847***	179.023***	−14.355***	−5.631***

Variable	Mean	S.D	ADF test	PP test	LLC test	IPS test
LnEMP	7.563	0.812	115.130***	491.640***	−3.847***	−1.385*
LnFER	2.893	0.9	165.186***	296.746***	−3.111***	−5.838***
LnIER	7.044	1.123	191.766***	92.200**	−4.164***	−6.510***
LnTI	9.104	1.585	112.266***	288.790***	−3.397***	−2.626***
LnFDI	9.784	0.736	251.516***	151.470***	−3.305***	−5.106***
LnWAGE	−1.634	0.985	377.135***	78.404*	−8.711***	−1.565**
LnGDP	9.075	1.019	271.429***	301.084***	−11.224***	−2.734***
LnOPEN	10.1	0.379	194.214***	264.494***	−30.300***	−4.005***
LnML	9.635	1.616	164.716***	87.020**	−4.365***	−1.457*
LnLABOR	1.785	0.299	223.847***	179.023***	−14.355***	−5.631***

Note(s): ***p < 0.01