Table AI Research items Construct Item...

Table AI

Research items

Construct	Item		Source
External knowledge acquisition	Cooperation		Fey and Birkinshaw (2005), Díaz et al. (2006), Valmaseda and Hernández (2012)
	COOP1	My company usually develops alliances and/or cooperation agreements with universities
	COOP2	My company usually develops alliances and/or cooperation agreements with customers and suppliers
	COOP3	My company usually develops alliances and/or cooperation agreements with participants in the development of joint research projects promoted by government institutions
	Direct knowledge-purchase
	DIR_ACQ1	My company has equities in technological development firms
	DIR_ACQ2	My company hires staff with professional experience
	DIR_ACQ3	My company hires external consultants
	DIR_ACQ4	My firm acquires technological licenses
	DIR_ACQ5	My company acquires complex technology incorporated into equipment or specialized machinery
Identification capability of valuable knowledge	ID_C1	My company has the ability to seek information within its environment	Segarra (2006), Jansen et al. (2005)
	ID_C2	My company has the ability to anticipate competitors movements
	ID_C3	My company has the ability to anticipate customers necessities
	ID_C4	My company has the ability to keep in touch with external institutions and specialized sources
	ID_C5	My company has personal, equipment and specialized services for environment monitoring
	ID_C6	My company has problems to recognize changes in our market/products^a
	ID_C7	My company understands new opportunities to satisfy our customers quickly
	ID_C8	My company interprets changes in market pull quickly
	ID_C9	My company knows intuitively which areas can use acquired technology or external knowledge
Inter-organizational structural social capital	EST_SC1	My company usually acquires knowledge from our inter-organizational contacts’ network	Yli-Renko et al. (2001), Maula et al. (2001), Inkpen and Tsang (2005)
	EST_SC2	My company personally meets contacts who acquire external knowledge
	EST_SC3	My company maintains narrow inter-relationships with contacts who acquire external knowledge
	EST_SC4	My company maintains frequent inter-relationships with contacts who acquire external knowledge
	EST_SC5	My contacts frequently acquire knowledge from among themselves

Construct	Item		Source
External knowledge acquisition	Cooperation		Fey and Birkinshaw (2005), Díaz et al. (2006), Valmaseda and Hernández (2012)
	COOP1	My company usually develops alliances and/or cooperation agreements with universities
	COOP2	My company usually develops alliances and/or cooperation agreements with customers and suppliers
	COOP3	My company usually develops alliances and/or cooperation agreements with participants in the development of joint research projects promoted by government institutions
	Direct knowledge-purchase
	DIR_ACQ1	My company has equities in technological development firms
	DIR_ACQ2	My company hires staff with professional experience
	DIR_ACQ3	My company hires external consultants
	DIR_ACQ4	My firm acquires technological licenses
	DIR_ACQ5	My company acquires complex technology incorporated into equipment or specialized machinery
Identification capability of valuable knowledge	ID_C1	My company has the ability to seek information within its environment	Segarra (2006), Jansen et al. (2005)
	ID_C2	My company has the ability to anticipate competitors movements
	ID_C3	My company has the ability to anticipate customers necessities
	ID_C4	My company has the ability to keep in touch with external institutions and specialized sources
	ID_C5	My company has personal, equipment and specialized services for environment monitoring
	ID_C6	My company has problems to recognize changes in our market/products^a
	ID_C7	My company understands new opportunities to satisfy our customers quickly
	ID_C8	My company interprets changes in market pull quickly
	ID_C9	My company knows intuitively which areas can use acquired technology or external knowledge
Inter-organizational structural social capital	EST_SC1	My company usually acquires knowledge from our inter-organizational contacts’ network	Yli-Renko et al. (2001), Maula et al. (2001), Inkpen and Tsang (2005)
	EST_SC2	My company personally meets contacts who acquire external knowledge
	EST_SC3	My company maintains narrow inter-relationships with contacts who acquire external knowledge
	EST_SC4	My company maintains frequent inter-relationships with contacts who acquire external knowledge
	EST_SC5	My contacts frequently acquire knowledge from among themselves

Note: ^aItem with inverted coding

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