Table 5 Measurement items Uncertainty...

Table 5

Measurement items

Uncertainty factors	Measures	Mean	SD	Loading	CA	CR	AVE
Delivery uncertainty	International transport cost	2.5	1.0	0.597	0.875	0.863	56.7%
	International transport time	2.8	1.3	0.745
	Local (China) transport cost	2.2	1.0	0.635
	Local (China) transport time	2.3	1.1	0.809
	Order tracking	2.2	1.2	0.811
Customer service uncertainty	Return cost	2.9	1.2	0.859	0.906	0.887	67.6%
	Return time	3.0	1.1	0.893
	Return rate	2.7	1.2	0.859
	Order cycle time	2.6	0.8	0.566
Compliance uncertainty	Customs tariff change	2.9	1.5	0.508	0.893	0.893	68.2%
	Customs clearance delay	3.0	1.6	0.577
	Quality control fines	2.1	1.0	0.888
	Re-labeling mistakes	1.9	1.1	0.608
External uncertainty	Regulations	3.4	1.1	0.750	0.803	0.922	86.9%
External uncertainty	Exchange rates	3.1	1.1	0.756	0.803	0.922	86.9%
Inventory management uncertainty	Inventory carrying cost	2.4	0.9	0.693	0.817	0.982	96.9%
	Handling time	2.4	1.1	0.793
	Labor cost	1.9	0.9	0.650
Product damage uncertainty	Product damage	2.2	1.5	0.912
Demand uncertainty	Demand level	2.9	1.2	0.635	0.650	0.779	54.7%
Demand uncertainty	Stock out	2.2	1.1	0.860	0.650	0.779	54.7%

Uncertainty factors	Measures	Mean	SD	Loading	CA	CR	AVE
Delivery uncertainty	International transport cost	2.5	1.0	0.597	0.875	0.863	56.7%
	International transport time	2.8	1.3	0.745
	Local (China) transport cost	2.2	1.0	0.635
	Local (China) transport time	2.3	1.1	0.809
	Order tracking	2.2	1.2	0.811
Customer service uncertainty	Return cost	2.9	1.2	0.859	0.906	0.887	67.6%
	Return time	3.0	1.1	0.893
	Return rate	2.7	1.2	0.859
	Order cycle time	2.6	0.8	0.566
Compliance uncertainty	Customs tariff change	2.9	1.5	0.508	0.893	0.893	68.2%
	Customs clearance delay	3.0	1.6	0.577
	Quality control fines	2.1	1.0	0.888
	Re-labeling mistakes	1.9	1.1	0.608
External uncertainty	Regulations	3.4	1.1	0.750	0.803	0.922	86.9%
External uncertainty	Exchange rates	3.1	1.1	0.756	0.803	0.922	86.9%
Inventory management uncertainty	Inventory carrying cost	2.4	0.9	0.693	0.817	0.982	96.9%
	Handling time	2.4	1.1	0.793
	Labor cost	1.9	0.9	0.650
Product damage uncertainty	Product damage	2.2	1.5	0.912
Demand uncertainty	Demand level	2.9	1.2	0.635	0.650	0.779	54.7%
Demand uncertainty	Stock out	2.2	1.1	0.860	0.650	0.779	54.7%

Risk management practices	Measures	Mean	SD	Loading	CA	CR	AVE
Internal Practices	Presence of risk manager/team	2.8	1.3	0.889	0.898	0.894	74.5%
	Presence of risk management guidelines	3.0	1.3	0.895
	Presence of risk measurement/control tools	3.1	1.3	0.806
Interorganizational practices	Collaboration with suppliers	3.4	1.3	0.922	0.920	0.924	80.4%
	Collaboration with buyers	3.4	1.2	0.869
	Collaboration with 3PFLs	3.5	1.4	0.848

Risk management practices	Measures	Mean	SD	Loading	CA	CR	AVE
Internal Practices	Presence of risk manager/team	2.8	1.3	0.889	0.898	0.894	74.5%
	Presence of risk management guidelines	3.0	1.3	0.895
	Presence of risk measurement/control tools	3.1	1.3	0.806
Interorganizational practices	Collaboration with suppliers	3.4	1.3	0.922	0.920	0.924	80.4%
	Collaboration with buyers	3.4	1.2	0.869
	Collaboration with 3PFLs	3.5	1.4	0.848

Control variables	Measures
Size	No. of employees Small = 0–50 Medium = 51–250 Large > 250
Industry	Industry: Apparel baby care, electronics. cosmetics, food, furniture, health, home design and luxury
Distance home country –China	Geographical area Asia Pacific = low Europe = medium North America = high
Type of company	Type of company: Exporter or 3PFLs

Control variables	Measures
Size	No. of employeesSmall = 0–50Medium = 51–250Large > 250
Industry	Industry: Apparel baby care, electronics. cosmetics, food, furniture, health, home design and luxury
Distance home country –China	Geographical areaAsia Pacific = lowEurope = mediumNorth America = high
Type of company	Type of company: Exporter or 3PFLs

Note(s): Measurement items (SD = Standard deviation; CA = Cronbach's alpha; CR = Composite reliability; AVE = average variance extracted)

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