Table 4. Typology of HR practices... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4.

Typology of HR practices

	Description (Boon et al., 2011)	Special aspects in a health-care setting
Participation and job design	Employees are involved in quality decisions and can take responsibility for their own tasks	Professionals are trained to act with autonomy. They are, together with their colleagues, responsible for delivering quality of care
Training and development	Both managers and employees receive training on quality management. There are opportunities to develop new skills and knowledge	Professionals are highly trained individuals with a specific expertise. Performing tasks or development outside their area of expertise is unusual
Performance appraisal and rewards	Employees receive feedback on quality performance of their team and are rewarded for quality improvement	Quality of care is highly appreciated and rewarded in health-care organizations
Team working and autonomy	Teams are formed to solve problems. Teams are encouraged to try to solve their problems as much as possible	Health care is usually provided by multidisciplinary teams of professionals and support services
Employment security	Employees have an employment contract that offers job security	Increasing expenditures create pressure on organizations
Work/life balance	Employees have the possibility to work flexible hours and arrange their work schedule	Consumers are increasingly putting higher demands and expectations on health-care professionals. Therefore, it is challenging to balance the needs of work and life for professionals

	Description (Boon et al., 2011)	Special aspects in a health-care setting
Participation and job design	Employees are involved in quality decisions and can take responsibility for their own tasks	Professionals are trained to act with autonomy. They are, together with their colleagues, responsible for delivering quality of care
Training and development	Both managers and employees receive training on quality management. There are opportunities to develop new skills and knowledge	Professionals are highly trained individuals with a specific expertise. Performing tasks or development outside their area of expertise is unusual
Performance appraisal and rewards	Employees receive feedback on quality performance of their team and are rewarded for quality improvement	Quality of care is highly appreciated and rewarded in health-care organizations
Team working and autonomy	Teams are formed to solve problems. Teams are encouraged to try to solve their problems as much as possible	Health care is usually provided by multidisciplinary teams of professionals and support services
Employment security	Employees have an employment contract that offers job security	Increasing expenditures create pressure on organizations
Work/life balance	Employees have the possibility to work flexible hours and arrange their work schedule	Consumers are increasingly putting higher demands and expectations on health-care professionals. Therefore, it is challenging to balance the needs of work and life for professionals