Table 5. Enablers and barriers of lean...

Table 5.

Enablers and barriers of lean job design factors for first-line employees in lean implementation in small- and medium-sized enterprises

	Lean job design
Enablers	Communication (Puvanasvaran et al., 2009) Enhanced job resources to boost the motivational potential (Cullinane et al., 2014) Reward system (Moeuf et al., 2016) and recognition (AlManei et al., 2017; Mohammad and Oduoza, 2019) Financial rewards (Bhamu and Singh Sangwan, 2014)
Barriers	Not informing workers of lean strategies and miscommunication (Bhamu and Singh Sangwan, 2014; Worley and Doolen, 2015) Low skill levels of employees (Yadav et al., 2019b), Increases in workplace intensity related to lean (Anderson-Connolly et al., 2002; Bouville and Alis, 2014) Higher workload and role overload (Brännmark and Holden, 2013) Work intensification (Huo et al., 2019) Lack of proper recognition (Bocquet et al., 2019) Lack of suitable reward systems (Sahoo and Yadav, 2018)

	Lean job design
Enablers	Communication (Puvanasvaran et al., 2009)Enhanced job resources to boost the motivational potential (Cullinane et al., 2014)Reward system (Moeuf et al., 2016) and recognition (AlManei et al., 2017; Mohammad and Oduoza, 2019)Financial rewards (Bhamu and Singh Sangwan, 2014)
Barriers	Not informing workers of lean strategies and miscommunication (Bhamu and Singh Sangwan, 2014; Worley and Doolen, 2015)Low skill levels of employees (Yadav et al., 2019b),Increases in workplace intensity related to lean (Anderson-Connolly et al., 2002; Bouville and Alis, 2014)Higher workload and role overload (Brännmark and Holden, 2013)Work intensification (Huo et al., 2019)Lack of proper recognition (Bocquet et al., 2019)Lack of suitable reward systems (Sahoo and Yadav, 2018)

Lean job design

Enablers

Communication (Puvanasvaran et al., 2009)Enhanced job resources to boost the motivational potential (Cullinane et al., 2014)Reward system (Moeuf et al., 2016) and recognition (AlManei et al., 2017; Mohammad and Oduoza, 2019)Financial rewards (Bhamu and Singh Sangwan, 2014)

Barriers

Not informing workers of lean strategies and miscommunication (Bhamu and Singh Sangwan, 2014; Worley and Doolen, 2015)Low skill levels of employees (Yadav et al., 2019b),Increases in workplace intensity related to lean (Anderson-Connolly et al., 2002; Bouville and Alis, 2014)Higher workload and role overload (Brännmark and Holden, 2013)Work intensification (Huo et al., 2019)Lack of proper recognition (Bocquet et al., 2019)Lack of suitable reward systems (Sahoo and Yadav, 2018)

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