Table 5 Types of start-up roles in... | Emerald Publishing

Table 5

Types of start-up roles in circular supply chains

Start-up coordination role (relevant theories)	Companies	Ownership of the circular supply chain processes			Description	Antecedents
Start-up coordination role (relevant theories)	Companies	Source	Make	Deliver	Description	Antecedents
Orchestrator (transaction cost economics)	F1, C1	Fully controlled	Outsourced	Fully controlled	• The start-up collects the customer needs (by controlling sales and distribution channels) and purchases the material (waste or regenerated) • They coordinate the network of actors to collect the waste and process it	• No changes to the production process • Availability of production capacity • No expertise of the founder in manufacturing activities
Integrated orchestrator (transaction cost economics and shared value)	F2	Fully controlled	Partially controlled	Fully controlled	• The start-up collects the customer needs (by controlling sales and distribution channels) and coordinates the network of actors to collect the waste and process it • The start-up partially owns the manufacturing facilities	• Innovative (sometimes patented) technologies for manufacturing
Pure manufacturer (shared value)	C2, C3	Fully controlled	Fully controlled	Fully controlled	• The start-up collects the customer needs (by controlling sales and distribution channels) • The start-up owns the manufacturing facilities	• No changes to the production process • Availability of production capacity • Strong expertise of the founder in manufacturing activities

Start-up coordination role (relevant theories)	Companies	Ownership of the circular supply chain processes			Description	Antecedents
Start-up coordination role (relevant theories)	Companies	Source	Make	Deliver	Description	Antecedents
Orchestrator (transaction cost economics)	F1, C1	Fully controlled	Outsourced	Fully controlled	• The start-up collects the customer needs (by controlling sales and distribution channels) and purchases the material (waste or regenerated) • They coordinate the network of actors to collect the waste and process it	• No changes to the production process • Availability of production capacity • No expertise of the founder in manufacturing activities
Integrated orchestrator (transaction cost economics and shared value)	F2	Fully controlled	Partially controlled	Fully controlled	• The start-up collects the customer needs (by controlling sales and distribution channels) and coordinates the network of actors to collect the waste and process it • The start-up partially owns the manufacturing facilities	• Innovative (sometimes patented) technologies for manufacturing
Pure manufacturer (shared value)	C2, C3	Fully controlled	Fully controlled	Fully controlled	• The start-up collects the customer needs (by controlling sales and distribution channels) • The start-up owns the manufacturing facilities	• No changes to the production process • Availability of production capacity • Strong expertise of the founder in manufacturing activities