Table A2 Variables description and main... | Emerald Publishing

Table A2

Variables description and main data sources

Variables	Description	Definition and source
Migration
Immigrants	Stock of immigrants in country i from country j in year t	Data are from United Nations “Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2017 revision”, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division (2017). Data were obtained from population censuses. In most of the cases, in most countries or areas, international migrants have been equated with the foreign-born population (whenever this information is available). In countries lacking data on place of birth, information on the country of citizenship of those enumerated was available. When both information was available, they have been compared effectively equating
Emigrants	Stock of emigrants from country i to country j in year t
Trade and FDI
Extensive margin	A dummy variable that equals 1 if country i achieved an RCA of 1 (or more) in product p at time t conditional on having RCA = 0 in the previous period	Product data of EU-27 countries and of 20 MENA countries with more than 200 countries. For 1990–2000 the data are from The Center of International Data of Robert Feenstra. For more recent data (2005–2015) they are from the UN COMTRADE with corrections implemented by Bahar et al. (2014) for the bilateral trade data. Products classified according to the Standard Industry Trade Classification (SITC) (Rev. 2) with a 4-digit level of detail amounting to more than 700 single products
Intensive margin	Compound average growth rate (CAGR) in the export of product p (at 5-years interval)
Imports	Value of imports (including product p)
Accumulated exports	The accumulated exports of products (different from p)
FDI	The sum of the stock of FDI (inflows plus outflows)	Bilateral FDI 1990–2012 stocks from OECD International Direct Investment Statistics (2013)
Gravity model variables
Log (Migrantsijt)	Biltaral migration stocks from i residing in j at time t	United Nations “Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2017 revision”, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division (2017)
Colony	Dummy equal to 1 if country i and j share a colonial past and 0 otherwise	CEPII Gravity Dataset (Head et al., 2010; Head and Mayer, 2014)
Common coloniser	Dummy indicating if two countries have had a common colonizer after 1945
Common religion beliefs	Index of Religious proximity (Disdier and Mayer, 2007)
Common language	Dummy equal to 1 if country i and j share a common official or primary language and 0 otherwise

Variables	Description	Definition and source
Migration
Immigrants	Stock of immigrants in country i from country j in year t	Data are from United Nations “Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2017 revision”, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division (2017). Data were obtained from population censuses. In most of the cases, in most countries or areas, international migrants have been equated with the foreign-born population (whenever this information is available). In countries lacking data on place of birth, information on the country of citizenship of those enumerated was available. When both information was available, they have been compared effectively equating
Emigrants	Stock of emigrants from country i to country j in year t
Trade and FDI
Extensive margin	A dummy variable that equals 1 if country i achieved an RCA of 1 (or more) in product p at time t conditional on having RCA = 0 in the previous period	Product data of EU-27 countries and of 20 MENA countries with more than 200 countries. For 1990–2000 the data are from The Center of International Data of Robert Feenstra. For more recent data (2005–2015) they are from the UN COMTRADE with corrections implemented by Bahar et al. (2014) for the bilateral trade data. Products classified according to the Standard Industry Trade Classification (SITC) (Rev. 2) with a 4-digit level of detail amounting to more than 700 single products
Intensive margin	Compound average growth rate (CAGR) in the export of product p (at 5-years interval)
Imports	Value of imports (including product p)
Accumulated exports	The accumulated exports of products (different from p)
FDI	The sum of the stock of FDI (inflows plus outflows)	Bilateral FDI 1990–2012 stocks from OECD International Direct Investment Statistics (2013)
Gravity model variables
Log (Migrantsijt)	Biltaral migration stocks from i residing in j at time t	United Nations “Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2017 revision”, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division (2017)
Colony	Dummy equal to 1 if country i and j share a colonial past and 0 otherwise	CEPII Gravity Dataset (Head et al., 2010; Head and Mayer, 2014)
Common coloniser	Dummy indicating if two countries have had a common colonizer after 1945
Common religion beliefs	Index of Religious proximity (Disdier and Mayer, 2007)
Common language	Dummy equal to 1 if country i and j share a common official or primary language and 0 otherwise