Table 4 Effects on Margins of trade of...

Table 4

Effects on Margins of trade of European countries – (Emigrants (Immigrants) to (from) MENA) – Benchmark estimates

	OLS				IV
	All products				All products				Low-tech products				Med-tech products				High-tech products
	Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)	(12)	(13)	(14)	(15)	(16)	(17)	(18)	(19)	(20)
Emigrants		0.001		−0.012**		0.021		−0.023*		0.046		−0.018		−0.180		−0.046		−0.544*		0.245
		[0.018]		[0.006]		[0.038]		[0.013]		[0.073]		[0.024]		[0.161]		[0.034]		[0.301]		[1.490]
Immigrants	0.023*		0.003		0.034***		0.001		0.020**		−0.001		0.046**		0.000		0.055*		0.002
	[0.013]		[0.003]		[0.011]		[0.002]		[0.009]		[0.004]		[0.019]		[0.004]		[0.029]		[0.014]
Previous Growth	−0.337***	−0.310***			−0.337***	−0.325***			−0.260***	−0.279***			−0.340***	−0.274***			−0.270***	−0.106
Previous Growth	[0.026]	[0.035]			[0.038]	[0.022]			[0.023]	[0.042]			[0.056]	[0.046]			[0.042]	[0.170]
Imports	0.022***	0.021**	−0.001	0.002	0.258***	0.267***	−0.006	−0.002	0.314***	0.337***	0.002	0.006	0.220***	0.267***	−0.014	−0.018	0.372***	0.295*	0.008	0.052
	[0.007]	[0.010]	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.031]	[0.049]	[0.004]	[0.006]	[0.062]	[0.094]	[0.008]	[0.011]	[0.048]	[0.103]	[0.012]	[0.018]	[0.051]	[0.153]	[0.018]	[0.069]
Accumulated Exports	−0.036***	−0.040***	−0.009***	−0.010***	−0.482***	−0.452***	0.003	−0.000	−0.555***	−0.500***	−0.009	−0.020	−0.519***	−0.540***	−0.009	−0.006	−0.497***	−0.702***	0.020	0.043
Accumulated Exports	[0.009]	[0.011]	[0.002]	[0.003]	[0.056]	[0.058]	[0.004]	[0.005]	[0.041]	[0.065]	[0.009]	[0.014]	[0.079]	[0.114]	[0.011]	[0.020]	[0.092]	[0.195]	[0.015]	[0.068]
N	12,207	8,476	13,349	9,365	21,392	11,689	25,250	13,826	7,182	3,962	8,687	4,736	4,029	1985	4,611	2,283	992	316	1,147	392
R²	0.125	0.116	0.002	0.004	0.236	0.214	0.007	0.008	0.205	0.205	0.010	0.011	0.242	0.180	0.014	0.019	0.375	0.158	0.009	0.189
KP F Stat					147.79	106.36	133.91	105.16	123.85	109.18	114.69	117.69	186.63	118.27	157.87	104.6	88.4	72.66	111.52	60.03

	OLS				IV
	All products				All products				Low-tech products				Med-tech products				High-tech products
	Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin		Intensive margin		Extensive margin
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)	(11)	(12)	(13)	(14)	(15)	(16)	(17)	(18)	(19)	(20)
Emigrants		0.001		−0.012**		0.021		−0.023*		0.046		−0.018		−0.180		−0.046		−0.544*		0.245
		[0.018]		[0.006]		[0.038]		[0.013]		[0.073]		[0.024]		[0.161]		[0.034]		[0.301]		[1.490]
Immigrants	0.023*		0.003		0.034***		0.001		0.020**		−0.001		0.046**		0.000		0.055*		0.002
	[0.013]		[0.003]		[0.011]		[0.002]		[0.009]		[0.004]		[0.019]		[0.004]		[0.029]		[0.014]
Previous Growth	−0.337***	−0.310***			−0.337***	−0.325***			−0.260***	−0.279***			−0.340***	−0.274***			−0.270***	−0.106
Previous Growth	[0.026]	[0.035]			[0.038]	[0.022]			[0.023]	[0.042]			[0.056]	[0.046]			[0.042]	[0.170]
Imports	0.022***	0.021**	−0.001	0.002	0.258***	0.267***	−0.006	−0.002	0.314***	0.337***	0.002	0.006	0.220***	0.267***	−0.014	−0.018	0.372***	0.295*	0.008	0.052
	[0.007]	[0.010]	[0.002]	[0.002]	[0.031]	[0.049]	[0.004]	[0.006]	[0.062]	[0.094]	[0.008]	[0.011]	[0.048]	[0.103]	[0.012]	[0.018]	[0.051]	[0.153]	[0.018]	[0.069]
Accumulated Exports	−0.036***	−0.040***	−0.009***	−0.010***	−0.482***	−0.452***	0.003	−0.000	−0.555***	−0.500***	−0.009	−0.020	−0.519***	−0.540***	−0.009	−0.006	−0.497***	−0.702***	0.020	0.043
Accumulated Exports	[0.009]	[0.011]	[0.002]	[0.003]	[0.056]	[0.058]	[0.004]	[0.005]	[0.041]	[0.065]	[0.009]	[0.014]	[0.079]	[0.114]	[0.011]	[0.020]	[0.092]	[0.195]	[0.015]	[0.068]
N	12,207	8,476	13,349	9,365	21,392	11,689	25,250	13,826	7,182	3,962	8,687	4,736	4,029	1985	4,611	2,283	992	316	1,147	392
R²	0.125	0.116	0.002	0.004	0.236	0.214	0.007	0.008	0.205	0.205	0.010	0.011	0.242	0.180	0.014	0.019	0.375	0.158	0.009	0.189
KP F Stat					147.79	106.36	133.91	105.16	123.85	109.18	114.69	117.69	186.63	118.27	157.87	104.6	88.4	72.66	111.52	60.03

Note(s): All the specifications include country-by-year and product-by-year FE. SE clustered at the country level in brackets. *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01

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