Effects on Margins of trade of EU countries – (Emigrants (Immigrants) to (from) East Asian Developing countries)
| OLS | IV | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All products | All products | Low-tech products | Med-tech products | High-tech products | ||||||||||||||||
| Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | |||||||||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | (15) | (16) | (17) | (18) | (19) | (20) | |
| Emigrants | 0.022 | 0.002 | 0.027 | −0.024*** | 0.020 | −0.032*** | −0.085* | 0.006 | −0.111 | −0.065*** | ||||||||||
| [0.020] | [0.003] | [0.050] | [0.007] | [0.024] | [0.010] | [0.048] | [0.041] | [0.070] | [0.013] | |||||||||||
| −0.020** | −0.004* | |||||||||||||||||||
| Immigrants | [0.008] | [0.002] | −0.014 | −0.002 | 0.007 | −0.010 | −0.063* | −0.009 | −0.095** | −0.010 | ||||||||||
| [0.013] | [0.003] | [0.030] | [0.009] | [0.034] | [0.006] | [0.042] | [0.007] | |||||||||||||
| Previous growth | −0.379*** | −0.320*** | −0.384*** | −0.343*** | −0.340*** | −0.313*** | −0.427*** | −0.278*** | −0.385*** | −0.254*** | ||||||||||
| [0.030] | [0.050] | [0.031] | [0.048] | [0.025] | [0.035] | [0.065] | [0.096] | [0.069] | [0.040] | |||||||||||
| Imports | 0.301*** | 0.282*** | −0.001 | 0.002 | 0.318*** | 0.293*** | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.377*** | 0.374*** | 0.007** | −0.001 | 0.253*** | 0.134*** | −0.002 | −0.006 | 0.405*** | 0.339*** | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| [0.029] | [0.024] | [0.002] | [0.007] | [0.024] | [0.021] | [0.002] | [0.007] | [0.061] | [0.036] | [0.003] | [0.011] | [0.040] | [0.042] | [0.003] | [0.014] | [0.040] | [0.033] | [0.004] | [0.013] | |
| Accumulated exports | −0.482*** | −0.394*** | −0.010*** | −0.014** | −0.464*** | −0.369*** | 0.004** | 0.000 | −0.558*** | −0.401*** | −0.000 | −0.008 | −0.464*** | −0.430*** | −0.000 | −0.020 | −0.565*** | −0.792*** | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| [0.043] | [0.057] | [0.001] | [0.005] | [0.043] | [0.057] | [0.002] | [0.004] | [0.055] | [0.054] | [0.003] | [0.011] | [0.049] | [0.090] | [0.004] | [0.014] | [0.067] | [0.061] | [0.005] | [0.009] | |
| N | 40,399 | 11,406 | 47,680 | 13,827 | 36,859 | 10,024 | 44,128 | 12,447 | 12,435 | 3,475 | 15,148 | 4,490 | 7,440 | 1,485 | 8,572 | 1781 | 3,799 | 1,282 | 4,544 | 1,577 |
| R2 | 0.249 | 0.188 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.249 | 0.191 | 0.005 | −0.003 | 0.231 | 0.303 | 0.005 | −0.008 | 0.259 | 0.085 | 0.007 | 0.018 | 0.332 | 0.421 | 0.002 | −0.048 |
| OLS | IV | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All products | All products | Low-tech products | Med-tech products | High-tech products | ||||||||||||||||
| Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | Intensive margin | Extensive margin | |||||||||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | (13) | (14) | (15) | (16) | (17) | (18) | (19) | (20) | |
| Emigrants | 0.022 | 0.002 | 0.027 | −0.024*** | 0.020 | −0.032*** | −0.085* | 0.006 | −0.111 | −0.065*** | ||||||||||
| [0.020] | [0.003] | [0.050] | [0.007] | [0.024] | [0.010] | [0.048] | [0.041] | [0.070] | [0.013] | |||||||||||
| −0.020** | −0.004* | |||||||||||||||||||
| Immigrants | [0.008] | [0.002] | −0.014 | −0.002 | 0.007 | −0.010 | −0.063* | −0.009 | −0.095** | −0.010 | ||||||||||
| [0.013] | [0.003] | [0.030] | [0.009] | [0.034] | [0.006] | [0.042] | [0.007] | |||||||||||||
| Previous growth | −0.379*** | −0.320*** | −0.384*** | −0.343*** | −0.340*** | −0.313*** | −0.427*** | −0.278*** | −0.385*** | −0.254*** | ||||||||||
| [0.030] | [0.050] | [0.031] | [0.048] | [0.025] | [0.035] | [0.065] | [0.096] | [0.069] | [0.040] | |||||||||||
| Imports | 0.301*** | 0.282*** | −0.001 | 0.002 | 0.318*** | 0.293*** | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.377*** | 0.374*** | 0.007** | −0.001 | 0.253*** | 0.134*** | −0.002 | −0.006 | 0.405*** | 0.339*** | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| [0.029] | [0.024] | [0.002] | [0.007] | [0.024] | [0.021] | [0.002] | [0.007] | [0.061] | [0.036] | [0.003] | [0.011] | [0.040] | [0.042] | [0.003] | [0.014] | [0.040] | [0.033] | [0.004] | [0.013] | |
| Accumulated exports | −0.482*** | −0.394*** | −0.010*** | −0.014** | −0.464*** | −0.369*** | 0.004** | 0.000 | −0.558*** | −0.401*** | −0.000 | −0.008 | −0.464*** | −0.430*** | −0.000 | −0.020 | −0.565*** | −0.792*** | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| [0.043] | [0.057] | [0.001] | [0.005] | [0.043] | [0.057] | [0.002] | [0.004] | [0.055] | [0.054] | [0.003] | [0.011] | [0.049] | [0.090] | [0.004] | [0.014] | [0.067] | [0.061] | [0.005] | [0.009] | |
| 40,399 | 11,406 | 47,680 | 13,827 | 36,859 | 10,024 | 44,128 | 12,447 | 12,435 | 3,475 | 15,148 | 4,490 | 7,440 | 1,485 | 8,572 | 1781 | 3,799 | 1,282 | 4,544 | 1,577 | |
| 0.249 | 0.188 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.249 | 0.191 | 0.005 | −0.003 | 0.231 | 0.303 | 0.005 | −0.008 | 0.259 | 0.085 | 0.007 | 0.018 | 0.332 | 0.421 | 0.002 | −0.048 | |
Note(s): All the specifications include country-by-year and product-by-year FE. Standard errors in brackets. *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01
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