Descriptive statistics
| Inheritance | Gift | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Std err. | Mean | Std err. | Mean | Std err. | |
| Labour force participation | 0.887 | 0.316 | 0.869 | 0.338 | 0.928 | 0.259 |
| Wealth transfer indicators | ||||||
| Inheritance 2008–2013 | 0.075 | 0.263 | – | – | – | – |
| Inheritance amount 2008–2013 | – | – | 90.075 | 333.781 | – | – |
| Inheritance amount 2008–2013/Income ratio | – | – | 6.561 | 17.075 | – | – |
| Gift 2008–2013 | 0.052 | 0.222 | – | – | ||
| Gift amount 2008–2013 | – | – | – | – | 94.235 | 340.279 |
| Gift 2008–2013/Income ratio | – | – | – | – | 6.986 | 17.438 |
| Control variables | ||||||
| Female | 0.543 | 0.498 | 0.553 | 0.497 | 0.524 | 0.500 |
| Age 25–34 | 0.194 | 0.396 | 0.127 | 0.333 | 0.288 | 0.453 |
| Age 35–44 | 0.303 | 0.460 | 0.242 | 0.428 | 0.376 | 0.484 |
| Age 45–54 | 0.331 | 0.471 | 0.361 | 0.480 | 0.249 | 0.432 |
| Age 55–59 | 0.171 | 0.376 | 0.270 | 0.444 | 0.087 | 0.282 |
| Low education | 0.169 | 0.374 | 0.147 | 0.355 | 0.061 | 0.239 |
| Medium education | 0.445 | 0.497 | 0.393 | 0.489 | 0.326 | 0.469 |
| High education | 0.386 | 0.487 | 0.459 | 0.498 | 0.613 | 0.487 |
| Partner at work | 0.636 | 0.481 | 0.673 | 0.469 | 0.752 | 0.432 |
| Married | 0.701 | 0.458 | 0.749 | 0.434 | 0.756 | 0.430 |
| Number of children aged 0–6 | 0.326 | 0.635 | 0.245 | 0.565 | 0.475 | 0.728 |
| Foreign-born | 0.132 | 0.338 | 0.100 | 0.300 | 0.080 | 0.271 |
| Work experience/Potential work experience (%) | 87.195 | 20.558 | 88.330 | 20.106 | 89.949 | 18.157 |
| Unemployment rate (%) | 9.356 | 3.131 | 9.142 | 2.958 | 8.703 | 2.646 |
| Instruments | ||||||
| Deaths for transport accidents/Population | 0.006 | 0.022 | 0.080 | 0.028 | – | – |
| Change in gift taxation | 0.008 | 0.088 | – | – | 0.152 | 0.359 |
| Inheritance | Gift | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Std err. | Mean | Std err. | Mean | Std err. | |
| Labour force participation | 0.887 | 0.316 | 0.869 | 0.338 | 0.928 | 0.259 |
| Inheritance 2008–2013 | 0.075 | 0.263 | – | – | – | – |
| Inheritance amount 2008–2013 | – | – | 90.075 | 333.781 | – | – |
| Inheritance amount 2008–2013/Income ratio | – | – | 6.561 | 17.075 | – | – |
| Gift 2008–2013 | 0.052 | 0.222 | – | – | ||
| Gift amount 2008–2013 | – | – | – | – | 94.235 | 340.279 |
| Gift 2008–2013/Income ratio | – | – | – | – | 6.986 | 17.438 |
| Female | 0.543 | 0.498 | 0.553 | 0.497 | 0.524 | 0.500 |
| Age 25–34 | 0.194 | 0.396 | 0.127 | 0.333 | 0.288 | 0.453 |
| Age 35–44 | 0.303 | 0.460 | 0.242 | 0.428 | 0.376 | 0.484 |
| Age 45–54 | 0.331 | 0.471 | 0.361 | 0.480 | 0.249 | 0.432 |
| Age 55–59 | 0.171 | 0.376 | 0.270 | 0.444 | 0.087 | 0.282 |
| Low education | 0.169 | 0.374 | 0.147 | 0.355 | 0.061 | 0.239 |
| Medium education | 0.445 | 0.497 | 0.393 | 0.489 | 0.326 | 0.469 |
| High education | 0.386 | 0.487 | 0.459 | 0.498 | 0.613 | 0.487 |
| Partner at work | 0.636 | 0.481 | 0.673 | 0.469 | 0.752 | 0.432 |
| Married | 0.701 | 0.458 | 0.749 | 0.434 | 0.756 | 0.430 |
| Number of children aged 0–6 | 0.326 | 0.635 | 0.245 | 0.565 | 0.475 | 0.728 |
| Foreign-born | 0.132 | 0.338 | 0.100 | 0.300 | 0.080 | 0.271 |
| Work experience/Potential work experience (%) | 87.195 | 20.558 | 88.330 | 20.106 | 89.949 | 18.157 |
| Unemployment rate (%) | 9.356 | 3.131 | 9.142 | 2.958 | 8.703 | 2.646 |
| Deaths for transport accidents/Population | 0.006 | 0.022 | 0.080 | 0.028 | – | – |
| Change in gift taxation | 0.008 | 0.088 | – | – | 0.152 | 0.359 |
Source(s): Own elaborations based on HFCS data