Table 4

Summary statistics

MeanSDMinMax
Gross hourly wage (in Euros)122.4717.8870.575396.552
Log of gross h. wage (in Euros)2.970.521−0.5545.983
Main job task category
Routine manual (base outcome resp. ref. cat.)0.13   
Nonroutine manual0.09   
Interactive0.24   
Analytic0.54   
Big-5 personality traits
Openness (unstandardized)3.410.82215
Conscientiousness (unstandardized)4.160.60015
Extraversion (unstandardized)3.650.80515
Agreeableness (unstandardized)3.990.66515
Emotional stability (unstandardized)3.380.80315
Female0.47   
Marital status
Married (ref. cat.)0.57   
Single0.28   
Divorced0.12   
Widowed0.03   
Children under 18 in the household0.32   
Migrant background0.08   
Highest qualification
No vocational degree0.04   
Vocational training degree (ref. cat.)0.44   
Advanced training degree0.08   
College/University degree0.43   
Labor market experience in years23.5511.741057
Labor market entry cohorts
Before 1970–19790.16   
1980–1989 (ref. cat.)0.32   
1990–19990.23   
2000–20090.19   
2010–20180.10   
Cognitive ability (No. of animals named)27.957.4221122
State of health3.260.84815
Existence of a works council in the firm0.60   
Economic sector
Public service (ref. cat.)0.30   
Industry0.18   
Craft trades0.07   
Commerce0.08   
Other services0.29   
Other sectors0.06   
Trade unions, interest groups, associations, chambers, private households0.03   
Job complexity
Unskilled/semiskilled tasks0.04   
Skilled tasks (ref. cat.)0.42   
Complex tasks0.20   
Highly complex tasks0.34   
N7,300   

Note(s): The working sample includes both dependent employees and self-employed. Only 5.5% of them state a gross hourly wage below 8.84 Euros which equals the minimum wage applicable in 2017

Source(s): BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2018 and follow-up survey to the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2018, authors’ calculations

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