Table 5

Assessment of functions based on identified strengths and weaknesses for simulation-based training with VR technologies in a healthcare context

AssessmentSystem functionIdentified strengthsIdentified weaknesses
StrongF1Knowledge development and diffusionMany Swedish VR companies were market leaders and internationally recognised by experts for their technology innovations (S1) 
The number of publications in scientific journals related to surgical simulation-based training has increased exponentially (S2)
F4Guidance of searchMany experts embraced VR technologies and were actively involved in influencing the direction of development (S5) 
Numbers of editorials related to surgical simulation training have grown steadily during the last decade (S6)
F5Entrepreneurial experimentationSweden is well established in surgical simulation-based training (S7) 
Continuous temporal development of new and enhanced applications for surgery-related procedures (S8)
IntermediateF2LegitimationIncrease of publications in Swedish daily newspapers was primarily related to the establishment of regional clinical skills centres (S3)Inconsistent requirements for simulation-based training stipulated by professional medical societies (W1)
F3Resource mobilisationAll Swedish university clinics had established clinical skills centres (S4)Surgical training required educators with surgical skills on expert levels and the availability of such resources was scarce in most centres (W2)
Few clinical skills centres had budgets targeted for postgraduate training and continued professional development for surgical specialities (W3)
F6Market formationThe total number of VR simulator installations has grown steadily (S9)A majority of the simulators purchased through public tenders were acquired for research purposes (W4)
WeakF7System-wide synergies No regulatory requirement for surgical simulation-based training for accreditation purposes (W5)

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