Table A1 Convergent validity and...

Table A1

Convergent validity and internal consistency

Latent variable	Questionnaire item	Loadings	AVE	CR
Time-Saving (TS)	TS1(r): I believe I would need a lot of time for using the Self-Service Checkout	0.747	0.658	0.884
	TS2: I believe the paying process with the Self-Checkout is very quick	0.879
	TS3: I believe the waiting time for using the SSTs is very quick	0.737
	TS4: Shopping with the SSTs would allow me to save time	0.870
Reliability (RE)	RE1: I believe that using the SSTs is accurate (means I will get just what I ordered)	0.765	0.587	0.849
	RE2(r): I believe using the SSTs would result in errors in the order	0.662
	RE3(r): Using the SSTs is something I don't expect to work very well	0.788
	RE4: I believe using the SSTs is reliable	0.837
Control (CO)	CO1: The usage of the SSTs gives me control	0.863	0.724	0.887
	CO2: The usage of the SSTs lets me be in charge of the right result	0.906
	CO3: The usage of the SSTs lets me be in charge of the right price	0.779
Ease of use (EU)	EU1(r): I believe the usage of the SSTs is complicated	0.936	0.871	0.953
	EU2(r): I believe the usage of the SSTs takes a lot of effort	0.927
	EU3(r): I believe the usage of the SSTs is slow and complex	0.936
Avoidance of service employee (AS)	AS1: Personal attention by the service employee is not important to me	0.599	0.649	0.778
Avoidance of service employee (AS)	AS2: It does not bother me to use a machine when I could talk to a person instead	0.969
Inherent Novelty Seek (INS)	INS1: I am always seeking new ideas and experiences	0.867	0.718	0.911
	INS2: When things get bored I like to find new and unfamiliar experiences	0.872
	INS3: I prefer a routine way of doing things to experimenting with new things	(deleted)
	INS4: I like to experience novelty and change in my daily routine	0.841
	INS5: I would like to experience novelty and change in the SSTs	0.809
Enjoyment (EN)	EN1: I believe it would be enjoyable to use the SST	0.922	0.862	0.949
	EN2: I believe it would be exciting to use the SST	0.925
	EN3: I believe it would be pleasant to use the SST	(deleted)
	EN4: I believe it would be interesting to use the SST	0.937
Challenges (CH)	CH1: Using the SSTs challenged me to perform to the best of my ability	0.957	0.903	0.949
Challenges (CH)	CH2: Using the SSTs provided a good test of my skills	0.944
Attractiveness (AT)	AT1: If the SSTs is aesthetically appealing, I would be more likely to use it	0.964	0.735	0.889
	AT2: If the SSTs are physically pleasing it would give me satisfaction, thus increasing my likelihood of using it positively	0.965
	AT3: I would not use SSTs if it was not aesthetically appealing	0.588
Technology anxiety (TA)	TA1(r): I am confident I can learn technology-related skills	0.798	0.568	0.922
	TA2: I have difficulty understanding most technological matters	0.749
	TA3: I feel apprehensive about using technology	0.703
	TA4: When given the opportunity to use technology, I fear I might damage it in some way	0.809
	TA5(r): I am sure of my ability to interpret the technological output	0.735
	TA6: Technological terminology sounds like confusing jargon to me	0.626
	TA7: I have avoided technology because it is unfamiliar to me	0.790
	TA8(r): I am able to keep up with important technological advances	0.718
	TA9: I hesitate to use technology for fear of making mistakes I cannot correct	0.831
Need for interaction (NI)	NI1: Human contact in providing services makes the process enjoyable for the customer	0.860	0.765	0.907
	NI2: I like interacting with the person who provides the service	0.925
	NI3(r): Personal attention by the service employee is not very important to me	0.837
Social anxiety (SA)	SA1: It takes me time to overcome my shyness in new situations	(deleted)	0.662	0.887
	SA2: I have trouble working when someone is watching me	0.769
	SA3: I get embarrassed very easily	0.805
	SA4: I don't find it hard to talk to strangers	(deleted)
	SA5: I feel anxious when I speak in front of a group	0.774
	SA6: Large groups make me nervous	0.901
Intention of use (IU)	IU1: In the future, how likely is it that you would use self-scanning technology if it were available at the store in which you are shopping?	0.909	0.856	0.922
Intention of use (IU)	IU2: If SSTs are available at the store, they are your first choice?	0.941

Latent variable	Questionnaire item	Loadings	AVE	CR
Time-Saving (TS)	TS1(r): I believe I would need a lot of time for using the Self-Service Checkout	0.747	0.658	0.884
	TS2: I believe the paying process with the Self-Checkout is very quick	0.879
	TS3: I believe the waiting time for using the SSTs is very quick	0.737
	TS4: Shopping with the SSTs would allow me to save time	0.870
Reliability (RE)	RE1: I believe that using the SSTs is accurate (means I will get just what I ordered)	0.765	0.587	0.849
	RE2(r): I believe using the SSTs would result in errors in the order	0.662
	RE3(r): Using the SSTs is something I don't expect to work very well	0.788
	RE4: I believe using the SSTs is reliable	0.837
Control (CO)	CO1: The usage of the SSTs gives me control	0.863	0.724	0.887
	CO2: The usage of the SSTs lets me be in charge of the right result	0.906
	CO3: The usage of the SSTs lets me be in charge of the right price	0.779
Ease of use (EU)	EU1(r): I believe the usage of the SSTs is complicated	0.936	0.871	0.953
	EU2(r): I believe the usage of the SSTs takes a lot of effort	0.927
	EU3(r): I believe the usage of the SSTs is slow and complex	0.936
Avoidance of service employee (AS)	AS1: Personal attention by the service employee is not important to me	0.599	0.649	0.778
Avoidance of service employee (AS)	AS2: It does not bother me to use a machine when I could talk to a person instead	0.969
Inherent Novelty Seek (INS)	INS1: I am always seeking new ideas and experiences	0.867	0.718	0.911
	INS2: When things get bored I like to find new and unfamiliar experiences	0.872
	INS3: I prefer a routine way of doing things to experimenting with new things	(deleted)
	INS4: I like to experience novelty and change in my daily routine	0.841
	INS5: I would like to experience novelty and change in the SSTs	0.809
Enjoyment (EN)	EN1: I believe it would be enjoyable to use the SST	0.922	0.862	0.949
	EN2: I believe it would be exciting to use the SST	0.925
	EN3: I believe it would be pleasant to use the SST	(deleted)
	EN4: I believe it would be interesting to use the SST	0.937
Challenges (CH)	CH1: Using the SSTs challenged me to perform to the best of my ability	0.957	0.903	0.949
Challenges (CH)	CH2: Using the SSTs provided a good test of my skills	0.944
Attractiveness (AT)	AT1: If the SSTs is aesthetically appealing, I would be more likely to use it	0.964	0.735	0.889
	AT2: If the SSTs are physically pleasing it would give me satisfaction, thus increasing my likelihood of using it positively	0.965
	AT3: I would not use SSTs if it was not aesthetically appealing	0.588
Technology anxiety (TA)	TA1(r): I am confident I can learn technology-related skills	0.798	0.568	0.922
	TA2: I have difficulty understanding most technological matters	0.749
	TA3: I feel apprehensive about using technology	0.703
	TA4: When given the opportunity to use technology, I fear I might damage it in some way	0.809
	TA5(r): I am sure of my ability to interpret the technological output	0.735
	TA6: Technological terminology sounds like confusing jargon to me	0.626
	TA7: I have avoided technology because it is unfamiliar to me	0.790
	TA8(r): I am able to keep up with important technological advances	0.718
	TA9: I hesitate to use technology for fear of making mistakes I cannot correct	0.831
Need for interaction (NI)	NI1: Human contact in providing services makes the process enjoyable for the customer	0.860	0.765	0.907
	NI2: I like interacting with the person who provides the service	0.925
	NI3(r): Personal attention by the service employee is not very important to me	0.837
Social anxiety (SA)	SA1: It takes me time to overcome my shyness in new situations	(deleted)	0.662	0.887
	SA2: I have trouble working when someone is watching me	0.769
	SA3: I get embarrassed very easily	0.805
	SA4: I don't find it hard to talk to strangers	(deleted)
	SA5: I feel anxious when I speak in front of a group	0.774
	SA6: Large groups make me nervous	0.901
Intention of use (IU)	IU1: In the future, how likely is it that you would use self-scanning technology if it were available at the store in which you are shopping?	0.909	0.856	0.922
Intention of use (IU)	IU2: If SSTs are available at the store, they are your first choice?	0.941

Note(s): (r) reverse coded items; AVE – average variance extracted; CR – composite reliability

TS, RE, CO, EU, AS, EN and NI were adapted from Dabholkar (1996)

INS and CH were adapted from Cetto et al. (2015)

AT was adapted from Morimura and Nishioka (2016)

TA was adapted from Meuter et al. (2003)

SA was adapted from Fenigstein et al. (1975)

IU was adapted Elliott et al. (2008)

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